Peculiarities of optimal structure of Orenburg Region agrolandscapes

Abstract

In this article the examines the degree of change of regional territories is examined with predominance of earth of the agricultural setting. In the Orenburg Region where in a number of administrative regions more than one third of the territory is plowed, necessity such the researches obvious. The analysis of the distribution of the land fund by category is carried out. Time changes in all land categories were studied, and the level of anthropogenic transformation was determined by the coefficient of land use, the coefficient that takes into account the intensity of agricultural land use and the coefficient of plowing of agricultural lands. A number of disproportions are formed in accordance with the maximum possible and optimal environmental parameters: a large agro-land plot (88,5%, with a norm for steppe zones of 60-65% and an optimal 40%), a lot of arable land (more than 50%, 40-45%), an extremely low proportion of forest land (5,16% in 10-15% and the optimal value of 15-20%), as well as a general lack of natural lands (OOP 0,19-0,64%). Undertaken studies testify to intensive development of agrolandscapes on territory of area, and necessity of artificial maintenance of the equilibrium state of agroecosystems, that can be arrived at only by totality of reclamative, agronomical and ecological events.

Study of the Ecotoxicity of Oil-Containing Wastewater Treated in the Helio Installation by Biotesting Method

“…This indicates that the test objects cause changes in the vital functions of biological indicators, regardless of the substances and combinations used. The main advantages of biotesting are the simplicity, immediacy and accessibility of the experiment [Evstifeeva et al, 2012]. Plants and animals are involved here as test objects for assessing the quality of atmospheric air, underground, surface water, soil layer.…”

“…Parameters for assessing the degree of toxicity of control waters: germination energy (GE), laboratory seed germination (LG), morphometric parameters: shoot and root length, biomass accumulation of above-ground and below-ground parts. The germination and germination energy of the plant were simultaneously determined and expressed as a percentage [Evstifeeva et al, 2012;GOST 12038-1984;GOST 12039-1982].…”