Peculiarities of Forming Nervo-Mental Disorders
And Visual Impairment Among Moscow Students During the Learning
Process at School

Rapoport, Irina; Tsameryan, Alfred P.

doi:10.35627/2219-5238/2019-314-5-20-27

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Лонгитудинальные и поперечные исследования ведущих специалистов страны свидетельствуют об ухудшении состояния здоровья обучающихся в последнее десятилетие [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Специалисты обращают внимание на выраженное распространение среди обучающихся жалоб на цефалгии напряжения, морфофункциональные нарушения со стороны органов зрения, костно-мышечной и сердечно-сосудистой систем, нервной системы и психической сферы [19][20][21][22].…”

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Hygienic Assessment of New Forms of Organizing Studies in a Medical Pre-University

Kuchma¹,

Makarova²,

Tikashkina³

2020

PH&LE

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Background: Transition to machine learning, personalized medicine, and high-tech healthcare requires up-todate medical personnel. The higher medical school is transforming the system of training specialists using modern digital technologies and is starting education in the associated pre-universities, thus necessitating research into effects of current technologies on the functional state of high school students. Materials and methods: In April 2019, based on voluntary informed consent, we examined 181 healthy Moscow medical pre-university students (15–17 years of age) and assessed the impact of learning on the central nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and visual analyzer. Results: Traditional lessons in the pre-university are combined with project activities and development of practical skills. Phantom and simulation technologies along with modular construction of the curriculum are used to form practical knowledge and skills. The study load of 38–40 hours a week exceeds hygienic standards. Individual project activities in small groups (up to five students) with teachers last 20 hours a week. Simulation classes are held once a week after the main classes and last 90 minutes with a 5-minute break. Classes using simulation technologies are not always hygienically rational. Study loads, specifics of the timetable and teaching techniques approximated to university ones are adequate to functional capabilities of the body of medical pre-university students. Simulation classes cause no pronounced deviations in the neuromuscular apparatus of students. Most students demonstrate high stress tolerance and a greater motivational readiness for simulation exercises. Emotional tension and high anxiety rates are almost similar during traditional lessons and simulation activities on phantoms. Conclusions: It is advisable to make wider use of modern digital (simulation, phantom, virtual) and design and research teaching technologies including in medical classes of educational institutions.

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Hygienic Assessment of New Forms of Organizing Studies in a Medical Pre-University

Kuchma¹,

Makarova²,

Tikashkina³

2020

PH&LE

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“…Особенное место в формировании поведения и качества жизни старшеклассников занимают взаимоотношения со сверстниками [8]. Большая часть учеников (51,3 ± 1,1%) думала, что их од ноклассникам нравится быть вместе, при этом мальчики сообщали это достоверно чаще, чем девочки (54,2 ± 1,8 % и 49,8 ± 1,3 % соответствен но, р < 0,05).…”

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Studying the Prevalence of Behavioral Health Risk Factors in High Schoolers

Саньков¹,

Tikashkina²

2020

PH&LE

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Introduction: In recent years, much attention has been paid to conditions of forming high schoolers’ health. Characteristics of the high school age largely determine the future of a person, his physical and mental health, the success of inclusion in adulthood, and realization of the reproductive potential. Health disorders in this period are largely determined by the influence of behavioral risk factors. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of behavioral health risk factors among Moscow high schoolers and to study their gender characteristics in order to determine up-to-date priorities of adolescent hygiene and school medicine. Materials and methods: In October 2018, a survey of 2,254 Moscow adolescents in grades 10–11 (15–18 years of age) was conducted using a questionnaire based on that of the World Health Organization collaborative cross-national survey “Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children”. Results: The most common risk factors in high schoolers included intensification of learning (90.5 ± 0.6 %) and high levels of screen time (92.0 ± 0.6%) that significantly increased daily visual workload of adolescents and might induce vision disorders (49.9 ± 1.1% of respondents), frequent headaches (56.2 ± 1.1%), and back pain (43.5 ± 1.0%). The majority of respondents also noted mood swings (71.8 ± 0.9%) and weakness after school (69.6 ± 1.0%). Almost half of the students (45.3 ± 1.1%) rated their health as satisfactory or poor. Conclusions: The irrational use of electronic devices in the educational process and at leisure can negatively affect the daily routine of schoolers causing reduction in the time spent on physical activities and outdoors and a decrease in night sleep duration. For most high schoolers malnutrition is yet another adverse factor characterized by imbalance and irregularity. Our findings help identify priority strategies of health promotion among high schoolers and appropriate preventive measures in view of the identified behavioral risk factors having a negative impact on adolescents’ health.

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The role of printed and electroniс publications in development of vision disorders

Markelova

2019

Fundamentalʹnaâ i kliničeskaâ medicina

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Aim. To study whether the use of printed and electronic publications is associated with vision disorders.Materials and Methods. We interrogated 100 high school students and 355 university students using a questionnaire developed by the Research Institute of Hygiene and Surveillance on Child and Adolescent Health. Further, 179 university students were examined utilising the automated system for the physiological testing while 100 high school students were examined by a certified ophthalmologist.Results. Around the half of the students have self-evaluated their vision as reduced, without associating this with the use of electronic devices. Boys were more prone to underestimate their health (Pearson’s contingency coefficient C = 0.2, p < 0.001). Eye fatigue was significantly associated with higher frequency of using electronic devices regardless of their type (C = 0.7 for desktop computers and laptops, 0.8 for electronic books and 0.6 for tablets (p = 0.001)) while headaches were specifically associated with increased laptop use (C = 0.5, p = 0.02). Self-assessed reduced vision correlated with higher frequency of tablet use (C = 0.2, p = 0.004). Moderate or high myopia were also associated with a higher frequency of using desktop computer or laptop (C = 0.75, p = 0.001). The average time of work on a computer reached 2 and 3 hours on schooldays and on the weekend, respectively, in high school students. These numbers were significantly higher in university students (2.6 and 4.4 hours respectively for desktop computer and 2.9/3.7 hours for laptop). Functional vision loss was detected in 67.2% of high school students and 19% of university students while moderate or high myopia was diagnosed in 8.2% of high school students and 53.6% of university students. Mean visual acuity was 0.61 ± 0.25 (OD) and 0.64 ± 0.25 (OS).Conclusions. Safety indicators of electronic publications are needed to be developed and properly regulated.

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Peculiarities of Forming Nervo-Mental Disorders And Visual Impairment Among Moscow Students During the Learning Process at School

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Hygienic Assessment of New Forms of Organizing Studies in a Medical Pre-University

Hygienic Assessment of New Forms of Organizing Studies in a Medical Pre-University

Studying the Prevalence of Behavioral Health Risk Factors in High Schoolers

The role of printed and electroniс publications in development of vision disorders

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