Pectinolytic bacteria associated with potato soft rot and blackleg in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Ngadze, Elizabeth; Brady, Carrie; Coutinho, Teresa A.; Waals, J. E. van der

doi:10.1007/s10658-012-0036-z

Cited by 55 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Pectobacterium atrosepticum, a species not yet reported in South Africa, has been identified in the neighbouring country Zimbabwe (Ngadze et al 2012). The Pba isolates grew at significantly lower optimal temperatures and growth ranges than the other species tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…brasiliense was first reported in SA in 2010 and has been identified as the most prevalent species in South African potato growing regions (Van der Merwe et al 2010, Ngadze et al 2012). The South African Pcb isolates showed no significant differences in their optimal growth temperatures (31°C to 32°C) or temperature ranges (20°C to 39°C).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies undertaken by Ngadze et al (2012), found Pcb populations of various lineages in South Africa grouping into distinct phenetic groups according to their environmental origins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardinal temperature differences, determined in vitro, between closely related species and subspecies of pectinolytic bacteria responsible for blackleg and soft rot on potatoes

2015

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Abstract:Potato blackleg and soft rot cause major losses and are caused by two bacterial genera, Pectobacterium and Dickeya. Species affecting potatoes are Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba), Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc), Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense (Pcb), Pectobacterium wasabiae (Pwa), Dickeya dadantii (Dda) and Dickeya solani (Dso). Pathogenicity of these species is dependent on 1 temperature, with each species having its own optimal temperature and temperature range for growth, leading to varying degrees of losses. Pectobacterium atrosepticum, a temperature sensitive species, mainly occurs in temperate climates, Pcc in temperate to tropical and Dickeya spp. in subtropical environments. The aim of this study was to determine the cardinal growth temperatures for the species responsible for blackleg and soft rot in vitro. Bacterial isolates were incubated in a temperature gradient shaking incubator at 30 different temperatures ranging from +5°C to +56°C, and growth measured at two set time intervals. Results were statistically analysed using the Gaussian function. The optimal temperature of 31°C and temperature range of 20°C to 38°C for Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense, was similar to those recorded for Pcc. Pectobacterium wasabiae grew at an optimal temperature of 29°C and range of 20°C to 34°C. Higher optimal temperatures of 32°C and 34°C, with ranges of 21°C to 38°C and 23°C to 41°C were recorded for Dda and Dso, respectively. The minimal variation in optimal temperatures between different species might be an indication that temperature ranges, rather than optimal temperature, play an important role in disease development. Results for Dso, whichhas not yet been reported in South Africa, are especially important in light of prevailing temperatures in South African potato production regions. Keywords:Pectobacterium; Dickeya; Growth; Optimal temperature; Temperature range, Pectinolytic bacteria Introduction:

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardinal temperature differences, determined in vitro, between closely related species and subspecies of pectinolytic bacteria responsible for blackleg and soft rot on potatoes

2015

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“…In Zimbabwe, potato is increasingly becoming a major food and cash crop but production continues to be hampered by pathological and physiological problems (Ngadze et al, 2012). It is also constrained by the carry-over of pathogens and physiological degradation (Mutetwa et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Severity of Bacterial Soft Rot in Commonly Grown Potato Varieties in Nyanga District, Zimbabwe

Muponda¹,

Manyangarirwa²,

Mtaita³

et al. 2016

JGIASS

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in Zimbabwe is an important element of the agricultural production sector. The local industry is however affected by low yields due to soft rot disease (Pectobacterium carotororum subsp. carotovorum) and poor quality produce. The main thrust of this study was to come up with recommendations that would increase potato production through improved knowledge of cultivar choices according to ranked performance in terms of soft rot infestations. Four experiments were conducted, in the field; in greenhouse, in storage at 10 º C and at room temperature on soft rot inoculated and un-inoculated potato tubers. The experiments were conducted on five locally available varieties in Zimbabwe. Tubers were screened for soft rot infection using counts and weights of infected tubers and BP1 showed significant difference (p<0.05) in terms of soft rot infestation on counted tubers. The field experiment treatments of Amethyst, Mnandi, BP1, Montclare and Jasper were laid in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for potato late blight recorded was highest for BP1 (10.04%) and least for Jasper (6.81%). Amethyst and BP1 varieties recorded the highest (5.0%) incidence for tuber soft rot. The greenhouse pot experiment had five soft rot inoculated and un-inoculated potato tubers and treatments were laid in Complete Random Design (CRD). Percentage emergence for inoculated pots dropped by more than 75% relative to the un-inoculated plot for BP1, Montclare and Mnandi varieties. Amethyst recorded a 100% drop in germination for the inoculated plots. Mnandi had the highest (41.37%) proportion of tubers from small and below grade. On the other hand, variety BP1 had the highest (80.01%) proportion of tubers from medium size and above. Tuber yield was highest for Jasper (34.01t/ha). This study shows that BP1 variety rank in the potato seed certification industry needs to be revised according to soft rot tolerance to update previous ranks of the cultivar. Farmers are advised to adopt new varieties and have reliable seed sources.

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“…At present, this kind of bacteria have been re-ported in other vegetables or ornamental crops, i.e. calla lilies [3] and potatoes [4] [5]. Waldee (1954) firstly reported this kind of pathogenetic bacteria, leading to soft rot, named as the genus Pactobacterium separated from the genus Erwina [6], and further divided it into two species, namely P. chrysanthemi and P. carotovorum [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Relationships of Soft Rot Bacteria Isolated from Konjac in China by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and 16S rDNA Gene Sequences

Wu¹,

Yang²,

Jiao³

et al. 2015

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Twenty-three isolates of soft rot bacteria from konjac corms were examined for their diversity using 16S rDNAs and AFLP technology. Both methods clustered two groups, dependent on their biotype characterization of Pectobacterium carotovora subsp. carotovora (P.c.c) and Pectobacterium chrysanthemi (P.ch), respectively. Of all isolates, 17 (73.9%) belonged to P. ch, indicated as the main pathogenic bacteria of konjac producing areas in China. The genetic variation among isolates from the same biotype was also rich, not consistent with the distances of the geographic sources.

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Pectinolytic bacteria associated with potato soft rot and blackleg in South Africa and Zimbabwe

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Cardinal temperature differences, determined in vitro, between closely related species and subspecies of pectinolytic bacteria responsible for blackleg and soft rot on potatoes

Cardinal temperature differences, determined in vitro, between closely related species and subspecies of pectinolytic bacteria responsible for blackleg and soft rot on potatoes

Prevalence and Severity of Bacterial Soft Rot in Commonly Grown Potato Varieties in Nyanga District, Zimbabwe

Genetic Relationships of Soft Rot Bacteria Isolated from Konjac in China by Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and 16S rDNA Gene Sequences

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