Pectin-Tannic Acid Nano-Complexes Promote the Delivery and Bioactivity of Drugs in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a lethal disease. Conventional chemotherapies for PanCa offer severe systemic toxicities. Thus, the development of a successful nanomedicine-based therapeutic regimen with augmented therapeutic efficacy is highly sought. Naturally occurring pectin and modified pectin-based drug delivery systems exhibit remarkable self-targeting ability via galactose residues to various cancer cells. Herein, we developed and used an innovative approach of highly stable nanocomplexes based on modified pectin and tannic acid (MPT-NCs). The nanocomplex formation was enabled by strong intermolecular interactions between pectin and tannic acid under very mild conditions. These nanocomplexes were characterized by particle size and morphology (DLS, TEM, and SEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, and zeta potential measurements. Additionally, MPT-NCs were capable of encapsulating anticancer drugs (5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, and irinotecan) through tannic acid binding. The in vitro bioactivity of these drug MPT-NCs were evaluated in pancreatic cancer adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines (HPAF-II and PANC-1). A dose-dependent internalization of nanocomplexes was evident from microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. Both proliferation and colony formation assays indicated the anticancer potential of pectin drug nanocomplexes against PDAC cells compared to that of free drug treatments. Together, the pectin-based nanocomplexes could be a reliable and efficient drug delivery strategy for cancer therapy.

Chitosan, Polyethylene Glycol and Polyvinyl Alcohol Modified MgFe2O4 Ferrite Magnetic Nanoparticles in Doxorubicin Delivery: A Comparative Study In Vitro

“…Furthermore, lower zeta potentials could have caused aggregation of the nanocomplexes causing an increase in size. Changes in size due to change in temperature has been reported to be due to poor cross-linking of molecules at lower temperatures [ 59 ]. PVA has further been reported to possess thermal stability and chain flexibility [ 60 ] which could have contributed to the condensed DOX- PVA-MgFe 2 O 4 nanocomplex at 4 °C and larger complexes at higher temperature.…”

Recent Advances in Tannic Acid (Gallotannin) Anticancer Activities and Drug Delivery Systems for Efficacy Improvement; A Comprehensive Review

“…Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is one of the most lethal carcinomas, with a 5 year survival rate of only 7% [ 39 ]. PanCa is typically diagnosed at a late stage of the disease, rendering the surgical option and leaving PanCa patients as victims for the side effects associated with the ineffective chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-Flurouracil, Gemcitabine, and Irinotecan [ 40 ], highlighting an urgent need to foster other drug regimens or combinations to improve patients’ survival rates. The implication of TA in a combinational strategy with the 3 FDA-approved chemotherapeutic agents—5-Flurouracil, Gemcitabine, and Irinotecan—in a nano-technological fashion was examined.…”

“…The implication of TA in a combinational strategy with the 3 FDA-approved chemotherapeutic agents—5-Flurouracil, Gemcitabine, and Irinotecan—in a nano-technological fashion was examined. TA was used as part of an innovative approach of highly stable nano-complexes specifically targeting pancreatic cancer adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines (HPAF-II and PANC-1) resulting in a marked repression of PDAC cellular proliferation and clonogenicity [ 40 ].…”

“…The cross-linking ability of TA was exploited with modified pectin to fabricate nanocomplexes through hydrogen bonding, offering a promising platform for pancreatic cancer treatment [ 40 ]. Pectin can target cancer cells via its γ-galactose units [ 59 ], whereas TA can act as a bridge capturing hydrophilic (gemcitabine) and hydrophobic (5-Flurouracil & Irinotecan) anticancer drugs through self-assembly.Drug-loaded nanocomplexes possessed superior anticancer properties compared to free drugs against HPAF-II and PANC-1 cells, indicating their efficacy to actively deliver the drugs to cancer cells as determined by lower IC 50 values and increased cellular uptake as detected by using flow cytometry [ 40 ].…”

“…The cross-linking ability of TA was exploited with modified pectin to fabricate nanocomplexes through hydrogen bonding, offering a promising platform for pancreatic cancer treatment [ 40 ]. Pectin can target cancer cells via its γ-galactose units [ 59 ], whereas TA can act as a bridge capturing hydrophilic (gemcitabine) and hydrophobic (5-Flurouracil & Irinotecan) anticancer drugs through self-assembly.Drug-loaded nanocomplexes possessed superior anticancer properties compared to free drugs against HPAF-II and PANC-1 cells, indicating their efficacy to actively deliver the drugs to cancer cells as determined by lower IC 50 values and increased cellular uptake as detected by using flow cytometry [ 40 ]. Similar significant growth-inhibiting effect against A549 and H1299 cells —verified by 2- to 2.5-fold decrease in IC 50 values—was obtained with drug (Gemcitabine, Carboplatin Oririnotecan)-loaded nanocomplexes constructed from the interaction between TA and mice lung fluid through hydrogen bonding attributed to the adherence of lung fluid on the surface of TA highlighting the efficient drug carrier properties of TA [ 50 ].…”