Pectin-rich by-products in feeding horses���A review

Associative Effects between Forages and Concentrates on In Vitro Fermentation of Working Equine Diets

“…The anaerobic environment of the hindgut prevents the complete oxidation of monosaccharides and instead produces VFA, acetate, propionate, and butyrate [ 45 ]. The results from previous studies indicated that changing the energy source from starch-rich feeds to high-fiber feeds in training horses changes the muscle energy supply from glucose to acetic acid due to increased fermentation in the hindgut [ 46 ] and the acetate/propionate ratio increases when the forage/concentrate ratio increases [ 47 ]. The experimental diet produced greater acetate concentrations, as compared to propionate.…”

“…In addition, it is important to mention that other studies found that the inclusion of soluble fiber, such as feeds rich in pectins, resulted in an increase in cecal VFA and a propionate concentration, which consequently resulted in stable blood glucose and insulin responses, and these were constant. The results suggested that fiber-based diets high in soluble fiber could meet the energy requirements of horses at the medium working level [ 47 ]. This is possible since the soluble fiber fraction is fermented to propionic acid through the succinate pathway without the formation of lactic acid, as in the case of high starch diets [ 47 ].…”

“…The results suggested that fiber-based diets high in soluble fiber could meet the energy requirements of horses at the medium working level [ 47 ]. This is possible since the soluble fiber fraction is fermented to propionic acid through the succinate pathway without the formation of lactic acid, as in the case of high starch diets [ 47 ]. In our experiment, CCB contained soluble fiber sources, such as dehydrated fruits and carrots, but tended to reduce propionate, as compared to CCA (starch-based concentrate), except when combined with AH-GH.…”

Subprodutos agroindustriais na ensilagem de Pennisetum purpureum/ Agroindustrial by-products in Pennisetum purpureum silage

“…O efeito observado com a inclusão deste subproduto sobre o teor de umidade é explicado pelo seu alto conteúdo de MS (90%) e elevada capacidade absortiva (BERNARDES et al, 2013;GOMES et al, 2017). As baixas concentrações de FDN, FDA e LIG na PCP, em comparação ao capim elefante, associadas aos níveis crescentes de inclusão do subproduto, explicam a redução linear dessas variáveis na massa ensilada, o que pode ser atribuído ao efeito de diluição que o aditivo promove nestes componentes da forragem ensilada (SILVA et al, 2016;BONFÁ et al, 2017). Este efeito é benéfico, pois reduz a probabilidade de limitação do consumo da silagem pelos animais via efeito físico causado no rúmen por esses componentes da parede celular vegetal ( VAN SOEST, 1994).…”

<b>Levels of concentrate and sources of non-fiber carbohydrates on productive performance and ruminal kinetics of finishing cattle</b>

“…Therefore, an environmentally friendly and economically viable destination for agro-industrial byproducts is | 20 their use in animal feed, reducing feed costs of the farm (SILVA; REZENDE; INÁCIO, 2016).…”