Peanut sprout rich in p-coumaric acid ameliorates obesity and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and the inhibition of browning in adipocytes via mitochondrial activation

Abstract

High fat diet-induced obesity and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation/inhibition of the browning of adipocytes were reversed by p-coumaric acid-enriched peanut sprouts.

Influence of the ecological environment on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

“…Intracellular lipid accumulation was measured using the ORO method as described elsewhere. 39 2.7.3. Real-time PCR analysis.…”

Potential Health Benefits of Whole Grains: Modulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Energy Metabolism

“…Recent evidence demonstrated that PCA exposure (200 μM) for 7 days sufficiently attenuated lipid accumulation and reduced lipogenic gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 45 The fatty acid oxidation rate was significantly elevated by PCA treatment in adipocytes, and the mitochondrial respiration rate, especially the maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR), was remarkably improved after 4 days of treatment. Consistently, PCA exposure elevated thermogenesis and body temperature of BALB/c mice exposed under a cold environment.…”

“…p -Coumaric acid (PCA) is commonly found in a variety of whole grains, including wheat, barley, millet, sorghum, maize, and rice grains. Recent evidence demonstrated that PCA exposure (200 μM) for 7 days sufficiently attenuated lipid accumulation and reduced lipogenic gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes . The fatty acid oxidation rate was significantly elevated by PCA treatment in adipocytes, and the mitochondrial respiration rate, especially the maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR), was remarkably improved after 4 days of treatment.…”

Flavonoids, gut microbiota, and host lipid metabolism

“…Gallic acid can improve glucose transport in adipose tissue by partially activating PPARγ and PI3K/p-Akt signaling while enhancing β-oxidation, glycolysis and ketogenesis to control adipogenesis [161][162][163]. p-coumaric acid increases nonshivering thermogenesis, upregulates carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 expression, decreases lipogenic enzyme activity, increases fecal lipid excretion and reduces fat deposition and adipocyte size [164,165]. Ham et al observed that syringic acid reduced lipogenesis (CIDEA, PPARγ, SREBP-1C, SREBP-2, HMGCR, FASN) and inflammation (TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6)-related genes, upregulated fatty acid oxidation (PPARα, ACSL, CPT1, CPT2)-related genes, and increased fatty acid oxidase activity, thereby reducing fat deposition and weight gain due to high-fat diets [160].…”