Peanut Skins as a Natural Antimicrobial Feed Additive To Reduce the Transmission of Salmonella in Poultry Meat Produced for Human Consumption

Abstract

Salmonella is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne zoonoses in humans. Thus, the development of strategies to control bacterial pathogens in poultry is essential. Peanut skins, a considerable waste by-product of the peanut industry is discarded and of little economic value. However, peanut skins contain polyphenolic compounds identified that have antimicrobial properties. Hence, we aim to investigate the use of peanut skins as an antibacterial feed additive in the diets of broilers to prevent the proliferation of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). One hundred sixty male hatchlings (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to, (1) PS: peanut skin diet without SE inoculation (2) PSSE: peanut skin diet and SE inoculation 3) CON: control diet without SE inoculation (4) CONSE: control diet with SE inoculation. Feed intake and body weights were determined at week 0 and 5. On days 10 and 24 post hatch, 3 birds/pen (24 total) from each treatment group were euthanized and the liver, spleen, small intestine, and ceca were collected. The weights of the liver, spleen and ceca were recorded. Organ invasion was determined by counting SE colonies. Each pen served as an experimental unit and was analyzed using a t-test. Performance data was analyzed in a completely randomized design using a general linear mixed model to evaluate differences. There were no significant differences ( P > 0.05) in weekly average pen body weight, total feed consumption, bird weight gain and feed conversion ratio between the treatment groups. There were no significant differences in SE CFU/g for fecal, litter or feed between treatment groups CONSE and PSSE. However, for both fecal and litter, the PSSE treatment group tended (P ≤0.1) to have a lower Salmonella CFU/g compared to the CONSE treatment group. The results indicate that peanut skins may have potential application as an antimicrobial feed additive to reduce the transmission or proliferation of SE in poultry environments or flocks.

The chemistry and efficacy benefits of polysaccharides from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz

“…Due to their naturalness and versatility, natural plant supplements are safe and do not develop drug resistance. These are in line with the development trend of the modern food industry and are the hot topics of domestic and foreign animal husbandry research (Ali et al, 2021;Redhead et al, 2021). Polysaccharides from AM can significantly improve intestinal health and enhance the immune function of animals, promote the growth of animals, increase feed intake and reduce the feed-meat ratio.…”

Novel Perspectives on Food-Based Natural Antimicrobials: A Review of Recent Findings Published since 2020

“…Moreover, the scope of natural antimicrobial applications extends beyond plant-based uses, encompassing incorporation into animal feed to proficiently combat pathogenic bacteria accountable for animal diseases [ 80 ]. In a study, peanut shells were investigated as an antibacterial food additive in poultry diets to prevent the proliferation of Salmonella .…”

“…The outcomes of the study underscore the conceivable utility of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) shells as an antimicrobial supplement for animal feed. This investigation contributes to establishing the value-enhanced utilization of peanut shells or extracts as natural antimicrobial additives in the context of chicken production [ 80 ].…”