PCR-based detection of DNA from the human pathogen<i>Blastomyces dermatitidis</i>from natural soil samples

Burgess, Joshua W.; Schwan, William R.; Volk, Thomas

doi:10.1080/13693780600954749

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Environmental samples: Attempts to detect B. dermatitidis in environmental samples were made using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Blasto I and Blasto II primers, 12,13 in vitro isolation, 14 and in vivo isolation by tail vein injection of mice. 15 All animal protocols were approved by the Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee before commencement of mouse inoculation.…”

Section: Laboratory Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Rural Point Source Blastomycosis Outbreak Near a Yard Waste Collection Site

Pfister

Archer²,

Hersil³

et al. 2010

Clinical Medicine & Research

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Background: Blastomycosis is a potentially fatal infection caused by the fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis.During January 1 through March 5, 2006, twenty-one laboratory confirmed cases of blastomycosis were reported among residents of an endemic area in north-central Wisconsin; a striking increase compared with previous years. The objective of the study was to determine if an observed increase in blastomycosis among residents of an urban area in north-central Wisconsin was caused by a pointsource exposure and to identify its source. Methods:We compared epidemiologic features, and signs and symptoms of B. dermatitidis infection among 46 historic (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) and 21 possible outbreak case patients. In addition, a case-control study was conducted to compare risk factors of the outbreak case patients with those of 64 age, gender, and geographically-matched control subjects. We conducted site inspections, evaluated meteorological data, genetically compared outbreak and non-outbreak isolates, and attempted environmental detection of B. dermatitidis using polymerase chain reaction, in vitro isolation, and in vivo isolation by tail vein injection of mice. Results:The unusual risk profile of this outbreak included: residence within non-rural city limits with limited time spent outdoors and an equivalent gender ratio and young median age among case patients consistent with common source rather than unrelated exposures. Thirteen of fourteen outbreakassociated clinical isolates of B. dermatitidis clustered in the same genetic group by PCR-RFLP analysis. Inspections near the cluster center suggested a yard waste collection site as the probable exposure source. B. dermatitidis nucleic acid was detected in one of 19 environmental samples. Environmental and meteorological conditions and material management practices were identified that may have facilitated growth and dispersal of B. dermatitidis conidia near this residential area. Conclusions:Results of our investigation of this large non-rural outbreak of blastomycosis suggest bioaerosol hazards may exist near yard waste collection and composting facilities, especially where pine tree litter is present, in B. dermatitidis endemic areas.

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Section: Laboratory Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Rural Point Source Blastomycosis Outbreak Near a Yard Waste Collection Site

Pfister

Archer²,

Hersil³

et al. 2010

Clinical Medicine & Research

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“…However, in all of these methods unde¿ ned variations in amplification complicate the interpretation of results. Most investigators [20] use internal ampli¿ cation standards in an attempt to correct variations between tubes. In the present study, as in many other studies, we chose endogenous standards.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro study of ultrasound on multidrug resistance in MDR human hepatoma HepG2 cells

Qiu-jun¹,

Zhai

Guo

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Clin. Oncol.

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OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the reversal eě ects of ultrasound (US) on the MDR in HepG 2 /ADM, a HepG 2 cell line resistant to Adriamycin (ADM), and to study the mechanism of US action. METHODS Using the MTT assay, the eě ects of US on MDR in HepG 2 /ADR cells were studied. Before and after the treatment with 0.5 W/cm 2 low intensity ultrasound (LIUS), the expression of the MDR-related genes, mdr1, mrp and lrp was assayed with the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the levels of their respective protein expression determined by flow cytometry. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), we examined the intracellular daunorubicin (DNR) distribution, and the eě ects on the cells of treatment with US or DNR. RESULTS LIUS significantly reversed MDR in HepG 2 /ADR cells. AĞ er treatment with LIUS at 0.5 W/cm 2 , chemosensitivity to ADM and DNR increased 3.35-fold and 2.81-fold, respectively. The reversal activity by LIUS plus verapamil (VER) was stronger than with either US or VER alone. AĞ er treatment with 0.5 W/cm 2 , the expression of both the MDR1 and the MRP mRNA genes began to decline (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively); the expression of LRP showed no significant changes. Changes in the expression of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and MRP were similar to those of their mRNA expressions. Results of the CLSM showed that administration of US (0. 5 W/cm 2 ) or VER (15.7 ΐM) with DNR to HepG 2 /ADM cells showed a signię cant change in the distribution of DNR in the cells. CONCLUSION Our results show that LIUS can reverse MDR. The reversal effects are stronger than those of either US or VER alone, when combined with VER administration. As LIUS is noninvasive causing no toxicity, it might have potential for clinical application. The reversal mechanism needs further study.

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“…Conditions of fog or recent rainfall may be present. 2,11,[18][19][20] Exposure occurs through excavation, construction, fishing, hunting and other soil-disturbing activities, and working with decaying wood. 1,15,20 However, recent studies indicate that the majority of blastomycosis patients do not have specific outdoor occupations or recreational interests and may acquire the fungus in or near their homes.…”

Section: Bl Astomycosis Is a Fungus Endemic To The Great Lakes Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Blastomycosis Diagnosed by Prostate Needle Biopsy

Neal

Nikolai²

2008

Clinical Medicine & Research

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A healthy 51-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of lower urinary tract irritative symptoms. Urinalysis was suggestive of infection, and the patient was treated with multiple antibiotics without relief of symptoms. A urological exam demonstrated abnormal induration of the prostate gland. Biopsy of the prostate gland revealed Blastomyces dermatitidis. In areas whereBlastomyces dermatitidis is endemic, clinicians should be aware of the presence of this fungus and possible sites of infection.

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PCR-based detection of DNA from the human pathogenBlastomyces dermatitidisfrom natural soil samples

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Non-Rural Point Source Blastomycosis Outbreak Near a Yard Waste Collection Site

Non-Rural Point Source Blastomycosis Outbreak Near a Yard Waste Collection Site

In vitro study of ultrasound on multidrug resistance in MDR human hepatoma HepG2 cells

Systemic Blastomycosis Diagnosed by Prostate Needle Biopsy

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