PCR-based detection and genetic characterization of porcine parvoviruses in South Korea in 2018

Chung, Hee‐Chun; Nguyen, Van Giap; Huynh, Thi-My-Le; Park, Yong‐Ho; Park, Kun Taek; Park, Bong‐Kyun

doi:10.1186/s12917-020-02329-z

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…In 2016, PPV7 was first identified by the metagenomic sequencing of rectal swab samples from pigs in the USA [ 2 ]. Subsequently, PPV7 infections were reported in Sweden, Poland, China, South Korea and Brazil [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. PPV7 is a small, single-stranded linear and non-enveloped DNA virus with a genome of ~4 kb that contains two major open reading frames (ORFs): ORF1 encodes non-structural protein 1 (NS1) responsible for viral replication, and ORF2 encodes the major structural capsid protein (Cap) or VP2 protein [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Parvovirus 7: Evolutionary Dynamics and Identification of Epitopes toward Vaccine Design

et al. 2020

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Porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) belonging to the genus Chapparvovirus in the family Parvoviridae, has been identified in the USA, Sweden, Poland, China, South Korea and Brazil. Our objective was to determine the phylogeny, estimate the time of origin and evolutionary dynamics of PPV7, and use computer-based immune-informatics to assess potential epitopes of its Cap, the main antigenic viral protein, for vaccines or serology. Regarding evolutionary dynamics, PPV7 had 2 major clades, both of which possibly had a common ancestor in 2004. Furthermore, PPV7 strains from China were the most likely ancestral strains. The nucleotide substitution rates of NS1 and Cap genes were 8.01 × 10−4 and 2.19 × 10−3 per site per year, respectively, which were higher than those reported for PPV1-4. The antigenic profiles of PPV7 Cap were revealed and there were indications that PPV7 used antigenic shift to escape from the host’s immune surveillance. Linear B cell epitopes and CD8 T cell epitopes of Cap with good antigenic potential were identified in silico; these conserved B cell epitopes may be candidates for the PPV7 vaccine or for the development of serological diagnostic methods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine Parvovirus 7: Evolutionary Dynamics and Identification of Epitopes toward Vaccine Design

et al. 2020

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“…Regarding novel PPVs, PPV4, PPV6, and PPV7 were detected in aborted fetuses, which implied that these viruses may cause reproductive failure ( 4 – 6 ). Moreover, detection of PPV7 in semen implies that this virus may cause reproductive dysfunction through vertical transmission ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Co-infection Status of Novel Porcine Parvovirus 7 With Porcine Circovirus 3 in Sows That Experienced Reproductive Failure

et al. 2021

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Porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) and porcine circoviruses (PCVs) infect pigs worldwide, with PPV1–7 and PCV2 infections common in pigs. Although PPV7 was only identified in 2016, co-infection of PPV7 and PCV2 is already common, and PPV7 may stimulate PCV2 replication. PCV3, a novel type of circovirus, is prevalent in pig populations worldwide and considered to cause reproductive disorders and dermatitis nephrotic syndrome. In recent studies, pigs were commonly infected with both PCV3 and PPV7. Our objective was to investigate the co-infections between PPV7 and PCV3 in samples from swine on farms in Hunan, China, and assess the potential impacts of PPV7 on PCV3 viremia. A total of 209 samples, known to be positive (105) or negative (104) for PCV3, were randomly selected from serum samples that were collected from commercial swine herds in seven regions from 2016 to 2018 in our previous studies; these samples were subjected to real-time PCR to detect PPV7. Of these samples, 23% (48/209) were positive for PPV7. Furthermore, the PPV7 positive rate was significantly higher in PCV3 positive serum (31.4%, 33/105) than in PCV3 negative serum (14.4%, 15/104). Another 62 PCV3 positive sow serum samples and 20 PCV3 positive aborted fetuses were selected from 2015 to 2016 in our other previous study. These samples were designated as being from farms with or without long-standing histories of reproductive failure (RF or non-RF), respectively, and they were also subjected to real-time PCR to detect PPV7 and to determine whether PPV7 affected PCV3 viremia. Among the 62 serum samples (39 PCV3 positive RF-serum and 23 PCV3 positive non-RF-serum), 45.1% (28/62) were positive for PPV7 and PCV3, and the PPV7 positive rate was significantly higher in PCV3 positive RF-serum (51.2%, 20/39) than in PCV3 positive non-RF-serum (34.8%, 8/23). In addition, there was a higher positive rate of PPV7 (55%, 11/20) in PCV3 positive aborted fetus samples. In addition, the copy number of PCV3 in PPV7 positive samples was significantly higher than that in PPV7 negative serum samples. Based on these findings, we concluded that PPV7 may stimulate PCV3 replication.

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“…In North America, serum samples, nasal swabs, lung lavage, and rectal swabs were reported in the USA, and a prevalence between 2–17.2% was established [ 9 ]. In Asia, China has a higher prevalence (20–32.8%) in three different provinces from serum and lung samples [ 10 – 12 ], while in Korea, a highly variable prevalence (1.2–74%) was found in samples of aborted pig fetuses, lung tissues from finishing pigs, and their semen [ 13 , 14 ]. In Europe, PPV7 has been reported in Poland (19–39%) from serum and stool samples [ 15 ] and in Sweden from tonsil samples [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown evolutionary rates (ER) of approximately 3–5 x 10 −4 per site per year (pspy) in VP genes and 10 −5 pspy in NS [ 19 , 20 ]. Particularly for PPV7, a higher ER has been found compared to other porcine parvoviruses [ 14 , 20 , 21 ]; for PPV7-NS1, an ER of 8.01 × 10 −4 pspy was determined versus PPV1-NS1 of 3.03 × 10 −5 pspy, while for PPV7-VP2, it was 2.19 × 10 −3 pspy versus 10 −4 pspy for PPV1-VP2 [ 20 – 22 ]. Similar to other parvoviruses, PPV7 has shown a higher ER in the VP2 gene than in the NS1 gene [ 21 – 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a clinical perspective, PPVs are among the primary pathogens associated with sow reproductive failure [ 25 ]. Although a particular clinical symptom associated with PPV7 has not yet been determined, some studies have shown the presence of PPV7-ssDNA in aborted fetuses and semen; this has led to a possible association with reproductive failure [ 13 , 14 ]. Additionally, studies indicate that PPV7 may be an important pathogen in coinfection with other viruses, such as porcine circovirus 2 and 3 (PCV2 and PCV3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The first report of porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) in Colombia demonstrates the presence of variants associated with modifications at the level of the VP2-capsid protein

et al. 2021

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There are a wide variety of porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) referred to as PPV1 to PPV7. The latter was discovered in 2016 and later reported in some countries in America, Asia, and Europe. PPV7 as a pathogenic agent or coinfection with other pathogens causing disease has not yet been determined. In the present study, we report the identification of PPV7 for the first time in Colombia, where it was found retrospectively since 2015 in 40% of the provinces that make up the country (13/32), and the virus was ratified for 2018 in 4/5 provinces evaluated. Additionally, partial sequencing (nucleotides 380 to 4000) was performed of four Colombian strains completely covering the VP2 and NS1 viral genes. A sequence identity greater than 99% was found when comparing them with reference strains from the USA and China. In three of the four Colombian strains, an insertion of 15 nucleotides (five amino acids) was found in the PPV7-VP2 capsid protein (540–5554 nt; 180–184 aa). Based on this insertion, the VP2 phylogenetic analysis exhibited two well-differentiated evolutionarily related groups. To evaluate the impact of this insertion on the structure of the PPV7-VP2 capsid protein, the secondary structure of two different Colombian strains was predicted, and it was determined that the insertion is located in the coil region and not involved in significant changes in the structure of the protein. The 3D structure of the PPV7-VP2 capsid protein was determined by threading and homology modeling, and it was shown that the insertion did not imply a change in the shape of the protein. Additionally, it was determined that the insertion is not involved in suppressing a potential B cell epitope, although the increase in length of the epitope could affect the interaction with molecules that allow a specific immune response.

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PCR-based detection and genetic characterization of porcine parvoviruses in South Korea in 2018

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Porcine Parvovirus 7: Evolutionary Dynamics and Identification of Epitopes toward Vaccine Design

Porcine Parvovirus 7: Evolutionary Dynamics and Identification of Epitopes toward Vaccine Design

High Co-infection Status of Novel Porcine Parvovirus 7 With Porcine Circovirus 3 in Sows That Experienced Reproductive Failure

The first report of porcine parvovirus 7 (PPV7) in Colombia demonstrates the presence of variants associated with modifications at the level of the VP2-capsid protein

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