PCB-Based Design of a Beamsteerable Array With High-Gain Antennas and a Rotman Lens at 28 GHz

Heino, Mikko; Icheln, Clemens; Haarla, Jaakko; Haneda, Katsuyuki

doi:10.1109/lawp.2020.3017129

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Based on the transmission line length, the insertion loss of each feed ranges between 7 -10.5 dB at 71-76 GHz. Similarly, in [14], the total loss of a Rotman lens beam port is more than 10 dB at 28 GHz, and 4.6 dB of the loss is due to two cascaded RF switches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC

et al. 2021

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A beam-switching array is designed using a 4×6 Rotman lens as a beam-forming network to switch the beam towards −30°, −10°, 10°, and 30°. Six substrate integrated waveguide fed 1×4 microstrip patch arrays are used as the radiating elements. The beam-switching array is designed on the LTCC substrate to operate at 71-76 GHz. In this work, the feasibility of implementing a beam-switching network with a vector modulator (VM) integrated circuit as switching element is studied for the rst time. The measured radiation pattern of the beam-switching array with the VM is in line with the simulated radiation pattern. The measured peak realized gain of the beam port 1, 2, 3, and 4 with 3-dB backo gain of the VM are 17, 17, 17.8, 16.9 dBi at 75 GHz, respectively. In addition, the work demonstrates the possibility of beam-recon gurability in beam-switching array by simultaneous excitation of the beam ports in optimum phase using the VM. The simultaneous excitation of the adjacent two ports, 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4, steer the beam towards −19°, 0°, and 19°, respectively, which improves the beam cross-over level. With various combinations of simultaneous excitation, the half power beam-width of the beam-switching array is varied from 17.8°to 75°.INDEX TERMS array, beam-switching, beam recon gurability, microstrip patch antenna, millimeterwave, Rotman lens, vector modulator

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of a desired feed or the beam switching network is implemented using the RF switches [6], [9], [13], [14]. The high ON-OFF ratio, namely the ratio of RF signal amplitude between the ON and OFF state, of the RF switch ensures the RF signal is present in only desired ports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC

et al. 2021

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“…In Ref. 13 a PCB-based Rotman lens consisting of an eight-element Yagi–Uda antenna array at 28 GHz is demonstrated. The proposed beamformer operates across 25.5–28.5 GHz with 7 switchable beams covering ± 30° with a realized gain of up to 9.4 dBi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a novel wide-angle Rotman lens beamformer for 5G mmWave applications

Azari,

Skrivervik,

Aliakbarian

2024

Sci Rep

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The attachment of 5G with millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies offers massive capacity and low latency to reveal the full 5G experiences. High directive gain and beamforming are considered essential for mmWave 5G systems. The main requirements of the beamforming network for 5G mmWave applications are the scanning coverage of ± 60° and SLL > 10 dB in a wide operational bandwidth over the standard 5G frequency bands. In this paper, a novel PCB-based wide-angle Rotman lens beamformer is designed, simulated, and successfully measured to meet the mentioned requirements for 5G mmWave applications. A comprehensive improved design methodology is provided for all components of the Rotman lens to reach a wide scanning angle, enhanced sidelobe level, and low scan loss. The end-fire Vivaldi antenna is selected as an array element for easy integration to the beamforming network as well as its capability to use in dual-polarization configuration. The proposed Rotman lens is operational in the 24–30 GHz frequency band covering 5G n257, n258, and n261 frequency bands. The results show a nearly constant 8 beams across the whole bandwidth steering from − 53° to 53° in 15° increments to provide ± 60° coverage with the SLL > 10 dB and scan loss < 1.9 dB. The retrieved novelties from this work contain an effective design methodology for an optimized Rotman lens with wide-scan angle and low phase and amplitude error, non-uniform distribution based array ports, and integration with end-fire antenna for possible dual polarization and 2-D beamforming capabilities. The comparison of the proposed beamformer with the most recent works shows several advantages in terms of integrated structure and performances including bandwidth, wide scanning angle, SLL, and scan loss. With such performances, this beamformer can be used for various mmWave and 5G applications such as advanced antenna systems, massive MIMO systems, and hybrid beamforming systems.

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“…Being a true-time delay device, it also offers a wide band characteristic as it is frequency independent. The design is widely appreciated in mmW band applications due to minimal surface and conduction losses [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mmW Rotman Lens-Based Sensing: An Investigation Study

Sethi

Ibrahim

Issa

et al. 2021

Sensors

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A Rotman lens is a wideband true-time delay device. Due to its simplistic structure with wave/signal routing capabilities, it has been widely utilized as a beamforming device in numerous communication systems. Since the basic Rotman lens design incorporates multiple input, output, and dummy ports, in this study, and for the first time, we utilized a Rotman lens as a sensor. The main idea was to gather abundant information from available Rotman lens ports to obtain better sensing performance. The realized lens is optimized to work in the millimeter wave (mmW) band from 27 to 29 GHz with a focus on a central frequency of 28 GHz. The design has a footprint of 140 × 103 × 0.8 mm3. The polarity correlator was used to characterize the material under investigation.

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PCB-Based Design of a Beamsteerable Array With High-Gain Antennas and a Rotman Lens at 28 GHz

Cited by 22 publications

References 54 publications

Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC

Beam-Reconfigurable Antenna Based on Vector Modulator and Rotman Lens on LTCC

Design of a novel wide-angle Rotman lens beamformer for 5G mmWave applications

mmW Rotman Lens-Based Sensing: An Investigation Study

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