Pb Distribution and Sources in Jiaozhou Bay, East China

Abstract

We studied the distribution, seasonal change, translocation, and source of heavy metal Pb based on the surface and bottom water sampling in Jiaozhou Bay in 1980 in order to know the condition of Pb before the industrial and agricultural development and to probe the distribution and translocation process of Pb. The results show that the range of Pb content in the surface in the whole bay was 0.07-2.71 μg/L, being below Grade Ⅱ of the China’s national water quality benchmark (5.00 μg/L). No Pb pollution was detected in the inner bay, while in the outer bay and the mouth, light Pb pollution. The Pb pollution in the bay waters was area sources. Horizontal and vertical distribution, and seasonal change indicated the translocation of Pb in the waters. Pb entered the water body at marine surface and sank at the marine bottom. Understanding the variable process of Pb in the bay provided the scientific clues for controlling Pb pollution from the human activities

Seasonal-vertical variations of Pb and their mechanisms in marine bay

“…Once Pb was transferred to the surface waters, it could be absorbed, complex and co-precipitated by particulate and organic matters [11][12], so the Pb in surface waters was settling to the sea bottom under the force of gravity and current, and was accumulated in bottom waters. The seasonal variations of Pb were mainly determined by vertical water's effect [13], and the seasonal variations of Pb contents in surface and bottom waters were consist in generally.…”

Vertical transferring process, mechanism and model of Pb in Jiaozhou bay

“…The data was provided by North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center. The survey was conducted in different months during 1979-1983 [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Surface and bottom water samples were collected and measured followed by National Specification for Marine Monitoring [9].…”

“…Marine bays are always heavy polluted areas due to many industries and cities are surrounding ye and a large amount of waste is discharging in. Understanding the transferring process and the mechanism was essential to marine environmental protection [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Definition and formula of substance content change in marine bay and the application

“…A large amount of Pb-containing wastes were generated and discharged to the environment since industrial revolution. However, Pb is high toxicity and long persistent, and many marine bays have been polluted by Pb finally due to ocean is the sink of various pollutants [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Therefore, understanding of the transfer process of various pollutants in marine bay is essential to environmental protection.…”