Patterns of Viremia and Antibody Observed in Rhesus Monkeys Inoculated with Chikungunya and Other Serologically Related Group a Arboviruses *

Binn, Leonard N.; Harrison, V. R.; Randall, R. E.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1967.16.782

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Serotypic heterogeneity between strains of CHIKV is unknown, and pre-existing IgG probably prevents infection and virus ampliWcation in humans and primates [19]. Our patients had high rates of past or acute DENV infection, conWrming that they were indeed exposed to either Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

No evidence of chikungunya virus and antibodies shortly before the outbreak on Sri Lanka

Panning

Wichmann

Grywna

et al. 2009

Med Microbiol Immunol

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A massive outbreak of chikungunya disease occurred on Sri Lanka in 2006. Reasons for the explosive nature of the epidemic are being intensively discussed. According to recognised and anecdotal concepts, absence of human population immunity against chikungunya virus (CHIKV) might have supported virus amplification. However, formal proof of concept is lacking. This study determined the prevalence of anti-CHIKV IgG antibodies as well as CHIKV RNA shortly before the outbreak. Two hundred and six human sera were collected from patients with acute febrile illness in 2004/2005. Validated indirect immunofluorescence and real-time RT-PCR assays for dengue as well as CHIKV were employed. Laboratory evidence of dengue virus infection was seen in 67% of patients, indicating virus activity and exposure to Aedes spp. vectors. These vectors are the same as for chikungunya. However, no evidence of acute or previous chikungunya infection could be demonstrated in the same cohort. This study gives formal evidence that the absence of human population immunity correlated with a large chikungunya epidemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

No evidence of chikungunya virus and antibodies shortly before the outbreak on Sri Lanka

Panning

Wichmann

Grywna

et al. 2009

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…This work represents a considerable advance over early primate studies (27,28), and development of a nonhuman primate model of CHIKV infection has been a focus of several groups. The in utero infections observed during the La Réunion epidemic have been evaluated in a macaque model (29).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A nonhuman primate model of chikungunya disease

Higgs¹,

Ziegler²

2010

J. Clin. Invest.

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Chikungunya disease is a severely debilitating, mosquito-borne, viral illness that has reached epidemic proportions in Africa, Asia, and the islands of the Indian Ocean. A mutation enhancing the ability of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) to infect and be transmitted by Aedes albopictus has increased the geographical range at risk for infection due to the continuing global spread of this mosquito. Research into disease pathogenesis, vaccine development, and therapeutic design has been hindered by the lack of appropriate animal models of this disease. The meticulous study reported in this issue of the JCI by Labadie et al. is one of the first reports describing CHIKV infection of adult immunocompetent nonhuman primates. Using traditional and modern molecular and immunological approaches, the authors demonstrate that macaques infected with CHIKV are a good model of human CHIKV infection and also show that persistent arthralgia in humans may be caused by persistent CHIKV infection of macrophages.

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“…Nonhuman primates are particularly relevant for studies of pathogenesis and assessment of therapies because their physiology and immune system are similar to those in humans (20)(21)(22)(23). Nonhuman primates are susceptible to CHIKV infection and probably act as part of the natural reservoir in Africa and Asia (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). However, previous studies of CHIKV infection in nonhuman primates have not focused on analyzing viral pathogenesis (24,31,32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonhuman primates are susceptible to CHIKV infection and probably act as part of the natural reservoir in Africa and Asia (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). However, previous studies of CHIKV infection in nonhuman primates have not focused on analyzing viral pathogenesis (24,31,32). To our knowledge, CHIKV cell and tissue tropism in humans has also not been extensively studied to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chikungunya disease in nonhuman primates involves long-term viral persistence in macrophages

Labadie¹,

Larcher²,

Joubert³

et al. 2010

J. Clin. Invest.

476

604

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that induces in humans a disease characterized by fever, rash, and pain in muscles and joints. The recent emergence or reemergence of CHIKV in the Indian Ocean Islands and India has stressed the need to better understand the pathogenesis of this disease. Previous CHIKV disease models have used young or immunodeficient mice, but these do not recapitulate human disease patterns and are unsuitable for testing immune-based therapies. Herein, we describe what we believe to be a new model for CHIKV infection in adult, immunocompetent cynomolgus macaques. CHIKV infection in these animals recapitulated the viral, clinical, and pathological features observed in human disease. In the macaques, long-term CHIKV infection was observed in joints, muscles, lymphoid organs, and liver, which could explain the long-lasting CHIKV disease symptoms observed in humans. In addition, the study identified macrophages as the main cellular reservoirs during the late stages of CHIKV infection in vivo. This model of CHIKV physiopathology should allow the development of new therapeutic and/or prophylactic strategies.

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Patterns of Viremia and Antibody Observed in Rhesus Monkeys Inoculated with Chikungunya and Other Serologically Related Group a Arboviruses *

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

No evidence of chikungunya virus and antibodies shortly before the outbreak on Sri Lanka

No evidence of chikungunya virus and antibodies shortly before the outbreak on Sri Lanka

A nonhuman primate model of chikungunya disease

Chikungunya disease in nonhuman primates involves long-term viral persistence in macrophages

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