Patterns of heat response and adaptation on summer pasture: A comparison of heat-sensitive (Angus) and -tolerant (Romosinuano) cattle

Johnson, Jay S; Scharf, B.; Weaber, R. L.; Eichen, P. A.; Spiers, Donald E.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.10.014

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…In addition, rectal temperature and respiration rate were measured using the method 49 . To obtain the rectal temperature of the pregnant Hu sheep, an animal thermometer was inserted approximately three to five cm into the rectum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small RNA sequencing analysis of exosomes derived from umbilical plasma in IUGR lambs

Lu,

Li,

Zheng

et al. 2023

Commun Biol

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During the summer, pregnant ewes experience heat stress, leading to the occurrence of IUGR lambs. This study aims to explore the biomarkers of exosomal miRNAs derived from umbilical plasma in both IUGR and normal Hu lambs. We establish a heat-stressed Hu sheep model during mid-late gestation and selected IUGR and normal lambs for analysis. Exosomes from umbilical plasma were separated and small RNA sequencing is used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Next, we utilize MiRanda to predict the target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs. To further understand the biological significance of these miRNAs, we conduct GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for their target genes. The study’s findings indicate that oar-miR-411a-5p is significantly downregulated in exosomes derived from umbilical plasma of IUGR lambs, while oar-miR-200c is significantly upregulated in the HS-IUGR group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrate that the target genes are involved in the Wnt, TGF-beta, and Rap1 signaling pathways. miRNAs found in exosomes have the potential to be utilized as biomarkers for both the diagnosis and treatment of IUGR fetuses.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small RNA sequencing analysis of exosomes derived from umbilical plasma in IUGR lambs

Lu,

Li,

Zheng

et al. 2023

Commun Biol

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“…La respuesta encontrada puede estar relacionada con la capacidad de tolerancia al estrés calórico del grupo genético utilizado en la evaluación, sugiriendo una alta eficiencia de los animales en mantener la homeostasis metabólica y en la adaptación a las condiciones de trópico bajo. Está documentado que el grupo genético Romosinuano, a pesar de ser un animal Bos taurus, presenta alta tolerancia a las condiciones de estrés calórico (Johnson et al, 2012) por poseer la piel suelta, las piernas más largas, orejas cortas, pelaje corto y brillante (Da Silva et al, 2007) y baja tasa de crecimiento, lo que traduce en una baja tasa metabólica (Scharf et al, 2010). De igual forma, Hansen (2004) reporta los animales cebú, como individuos capacitados evolutivamente para afrontar ambientes calurosos, dada las características de la piel, la cantidad y distribución de las glándulas sudoríparas y la baja tasa metabólica.…”

Section: Variableunclassified

Variables fisiológicas-metabólicas de estrés calórico en vacas bajo silvopastoreo y pradera sin árboles.

2015

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<p>El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo valorar cambios en parámetros fisiológicos y metabólicos como indicadores de estrés calórico de vacas bajo pastoreo. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el Centro de Investigación Corpoica Turipaná, Región Caribe, Cereté, Colombia, durante los años 2011-2012. Se determinó la temperatura ambiental (T) y la humedad relativa (H), y en los animales: temperatura rectal (TR), temperatura de piel (TP), frecuencia respiratoria (FR) y el estatus ácido-básico. Las variables fueron medidas en la mañana (6:00 h) y tarde (13:00 h). Se encontró efecto del tratamiento en la temperatura ambiental con 7 y 6% menos temperatura en p-Arbus-Arbor y p-Arbor, respectivamente, comparados con el tratamiento Pasto. Hubo efecto de la hora (p<0,05) en T y H e interacción tratamiento x hora en la T (p<0,05). Las variables TP y FR registraron efecto (p<0.05) del tratamiento, hora e interacción tratamiento x hora (6:00/13:00 h). Se mostró un efecto positivo del sombrío proveniente de árboles en el sistema sobre las variables fisiológicas. Los efectos negativos observados en tratamientos sin sombrío de árboles repercutieron de forma mínima en alteraciones metabólicas, evidenciando respuestas homeostáticas en el animal ante las condiciones ambientales estresantes evaluadas.</p>

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“…The ability to regulate core body temperature, within a physiologically acceptable range, during periods of increasing heat load is referred to as heat tolerance (Johnson et al, 2012). An animal's genotype is a major factor contributing to its susceptibility or tolerance to heat load, and it is widely accepted that Bos indicus breeds have a greater heat tolerance compared to Bos taurus (Brody, 1956;Olbrich et al, 1971;Hansen, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological responses of feedlot cattle to heat load

Lees¹

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Heat load is a significant animal welfare and cost of production issue worldwide. In the US alone heat load is reported to have an annual economic burden of > $300 million in the beef sector.Furthermore animal growth is often depressed during summer resulting in heat related decreases in weight gain of approximately 10 kg which coincides with a 7 day increase in days on feed. The reduced growth rate increases days on feed, thereby increasing the cost of production. Whilst the effects of heat load on cattle has been researched for a number of years, there is speculation as to the interactions between hot environmental conditions and livestock performance, reproduction, health and overall wellbeing. Therefore there is a need to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamic responses of animals to heat load. The key focus of heat load research is to develop effective management strategies to support animal comfort and performance during hot periods.While heat load can occur in pasture raised cattle, it is mostly observed within the intensive grain feed feedlot industry. Heat load occurs where a combination of environmental conditions exceed the animals ability to regulate body temperature, thus impacting on homeostasis. However how an animal responds to heat load is also dependent on a number of individual characteristics, including genotype, coat characteristics, health status and days on feed. Therefore no two animals will respond to hot climatic conditions in exactly the same manner. There are numerous responses to heat load that can be measured and/or observed in cattle, including changes in behaviour, respiratory dynamics, blood metabolites and body temperature. The experiments within this thesis were focused on investigating the; A key aspect in managing heat load is that feedlot personnel are able to recognise the responses of cattle to high heat load. Improvements in animal management have contributed to alleviating some of the negative effects of heat load. However summer conditions are still responsible for significant production losses and welfare concerns worldwide. Furthermore heat load cannot be completely eradicated where there are animal production operations in tropical and sub-tropical regions.Therefore the primary purpose of heat load research becomes focused on the effective use of mitigation strategies prior to and during heat related stress events, thus improving animal survivability and welfare during these events.iii Declaration by author Publications included in this thesisNo publications included. Contributions by others to the thesis

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Patterns of heat response and adaptation on summer pasture: A comparison of heat-sensitive (Angus) and -tolerant (Romosinuano) cattle

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Small RNA sequencing analysis of exosomes derived from umbilical plasma in IUGR lambs

Small RNA sequencing analysis of exosomes derived from umbilical plasma in IUGR lambs

Variables fisiológicas-metabólicas de estrés calórico en vacas bajo silvopastoreo y pradera sin árboles.

Biological responses of feedlot cattle to heat load

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