Patterns of Association with Host and Habitat: Antibody Reactive with Sin Nombre Virus in Small Mammals in the Major Biotic Communities of the Southwestern United States

Mills, JN; Tg, Ksiazek; Ba, Ellis; Rollin, Pierre E.; St, Nichol; Tl, Yates; Wl, Gannon; Ce, Levy; Dm, Engelthaler; Davis, Ted; Dt, Tanda; Jw, Frampton; Cr, Nichols; Cj, Peters; Je, Childs

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1997.56.273

Cited by 198 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The presence of viral antigen in the kidneys was most common in deer mice that did not have antibodies to Sin Nombre virus, suggesting that virus shedding is greatest in the early stages of infection 32 . Also analogous to findings with the Old World hantaviruses, a higher sero-prevalence rate for Sin Nombre virus was observed in old deer mice than in young deer mice, with males infected more often than females [33][34][35] . Although these data are consistent with horizontal transmission by aggressive interactions and biting, they could also reflect the larger home range of adult males compared with adult females and the resulting increased risk of aerosol exposure 33 .…”

Section: Other Etiological Agentssupporting

confidence: 78%

Persistent hantavirus infections: characteristics and mechanisms

Meyer

Schmaljohn

2000

Trends in Microbiology

187

156

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Section: Other Etiological Agentssupporting

confidence: 78%

Persistent hantavirus infections: characteristics and mechanisms

Meyer

Schmaljohn

2000

Trends in Microbiology

187

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Prevalence of anti-SNV IgG in wild deer mice is highest in those Ͻ10.9 g mass, declines in mice Ն10.9-Յ14.3 g, and increases in those Ͼ14.3 g. The group of small mice probably acquired anti-SNV antibodies passively through the placenta and the decline in seroprevalence between birth and 14.3 g is thought to be due to attrition of maternal antibodies (Mills et al, 1997). Additional experimental evidence has continued to accrue demonstrating that specific anti-hantavirus IgG antibodies can be passed through the placenta and may be protective from challenge by SNV (Borucki et al, 2000;Camaioni, 2001;Botten et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This comparison showed no apparent discrepancy between these two tests, which measure completely different analytes. In addition to the SIA, a number of laboratories have used enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) such as those prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for the detection of serum antibodies (Mills et al, 1997). This test was not available to us, and we do not have direct comparisons between the two tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid and Simple Method for Screening Wild Rodents for Antibodies to Sin Nombre Hantavirus

Yee

Wortman

Nofchissey

et al. 2003

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Sin Nombre hantavirus (SNV) is the primary etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the United States and Canada. Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome is a zoonotic disease. The most common reservoir is the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), although numerous other species of wild rodent can carry the viruses that cause HCPS throughout the Americas. Infected rodents show no signs of clinical disease but they develop persistent infection. Sin Nombre virus can be contracted by exposure to feces, urine, or saliva of its rodent reservoirs. Detection of infection in rodents is most often based upon detection of specific antibodies; many laboratories use enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), which require a specialized electrical ELISA reader. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay readers are not readily amenable to field usage. We describe a portable test, the strip immunoblot assay (SIA), which we have utilized in field diagnosis. The test can be conducted in approximately 6 hr during the day or can be conducted overnight. The test can be used to detect rodents positive for SNV antibody while they are in traps. We show that results with the SIA have excellent concordance with western blot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests.

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“…Following the first recognized outbreak of HPS in the United States in 1993, studies documented the occurrence of deer mice with antibody throughout the range of that species in the United States, Canada, and Mexico (Kaufman et al, 1994;Weigler et al, 1996;Mills et al, 1997;Langlois et al, 2001;Suzan et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Dynamics of Sin Nombre Viral Rna and Antibody in Deer Mice in Montana

Kuenzi

Douglass

Bond

et al. 2005

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Infections with hantaviruses in the natural host rodent may result in persistent, asymptomatic infections involving shedding of virus into the environment. Laboratory studies have partially characterized the acute and persistent infection by Sin Nombre virus (SNV) in its natural host, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). However, these studies have posed questions that may best be addressed using longitudinal studies involving sequential sampling of individual wild-caught, naturally infected mice. Using enzyme immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of monthly blood samples, we followed the infection status of deer mice in a mark-recapture study in Montana for 2 yr. Only six of 907 samples without IgG antibody to SNV contained detectable SNV RNA, suggesting that there is a very brief period of viremia before the host develops detectable antibody. The simultaneous presence of both antibody and viral RNA in blood was detected in consecutive monthly samples for as long as 3 mo. However, chronic infection was typified by alternating characteristics of PCR positivity and PCR negativity. Two possible interpretations of these results are that 1) viral RNA may be consistently present in the blood of chronically infected deer mouse, but that viral RNA is near the limits of PCR detectability or 2) SNV RNA sporadically appears in blood as a consequence of unknown physiological events. The occurrence of seasonal patterns in the proportion of samples that contains antibody and that also contained SNV RNA demonstrated a temporal association between recent infection (antibody acquisition) and presence of viral RNA in blood.

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Patterns of Association with Host and Habitat: Antibody Reactive with Sin Nombre Virus in Small Mammals in the Major Biotic Communities of the Southwestern United States

Cited by 198 publications

References 17 publications

Persistent hantavirus infections: characteristics and mechanisms

Persistent hantavirus infections: characteristics and mechanisms

Rapid and Simple Method for Screening Wild Rodents for Antibodies to Sin Nombre Hantavirus

Long-Term Dynamics of Sin Nombre Viral Rna and Antibody in Deer Mice in Montana

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