Pattern of Partial Edentulism and Its Relation to Age, Gender, Causes of Teeth Loss in Jazan Population

Abstract

Introduction: Statistic distribution of Kennedy's classifications and tooth loss among general population are important reasons to assess the dentures needs and impact of preventive dentistry in any society. Aim: To determine the frequency and pattern of Kennedys classification among Jazan population in relation to different age group, gender, sites and causes of tooth loss. Material and methods: The data was collected between May 2014 and May 2015 from patients who required removable partial dentures. Clinical intra-oral and radiographic examinations were done, then the data were registered and the Kennedy classes and causes of teeth loss were recorded. The number of subjects participated were 339 male and 240 female. They were divided into five groups, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and ≥ 60 years respectively. All relevant data were entered into SPSS program and analyzed accordingly using Fisher exact test. Results: The highest number of patients among males and females were in age group of 50-59 year. Kennedy's class III was the highest among all age groups. In males, class III Kennedy classification was the highest in both arches, while class I was the highest in female. Periodontal disease was the major cause of tooth loss in both genders, followed by dental caries. A combination of both causes was founded in less than 10% of subjects. There were significant differences between all groups. The obtained P values were statistically significant (p<.000). Conclusion: Kennedys Class III had highest frequency in males in all age groups and in both arches whereas in females, Kennedys class I was the highest. Periodontal disease was the most common cause of tooth loss in all genders followed by dental caries.

Social Habits and Other Risk Factors that Cause Tooth Loss: An Associative Study Conducted in Taiz Governorate, Yemen

“…Regarding the position and type of the extracted teeth, from Graphs 1 and 2, it is clear that the maxillary third molars were the most frequently extracted teeth 13.4%; this is in agreements with previous studies Chrysanthakopoulos NA, Alesia and Khalil, Jafarian and Etebarian, Sahibzada et al 2,4,8,22 Both maxillary and mandibular first molar teeth were commonly extracted in the current study; this is in line with the findings of cited studies Ali et al, Nasreen and Haq, Anyanechi and Chukwuneke, Kashif et al, Al Moaleem et al, 3,7,9,10,16 which could be explained by the early time of eruption of the first molar in the oral cavity. Our findings also agree with the studies of Alesia and Khali, Al Ameer et al, Lee et al, Montandon et al, Chrysanthakopoulos NA,4,5,13,14,21 where anterior teeth were also frequently extracted mainly due to periodontal diseases, which results in the attachment loss with bone resorption around the root and eventually tooth mortality.…”

“…36 We found that caries was the main cause of teeth loss in 43% and 65.4% of 15-24 and 25-34-year-olds ( Table 2). These findings are in line with previous studies conducted in neighboring Jazan of Saudi Arabia Al Moaleem et al 16 Periodontal disease is a persistent bacterial infection characterized by the progressive destruction of the toothsupporting structures and can lead to tooth loss. By triggering inflammatory reactions, periodontitis can detrimentally affect systemic health.…”

“…37 In the current study, periodontal disease was low in the young age groups 4.1%; 15-24 years and 29.3%; 25-34 years and increased in the middle age groups 51.1%; 35-44 years and 61.7%; 45-54 years and reach 100% at the age group of more than 55-64 years among the extracted subjects ( Table 2). A similar finding was reported by a local study Ali et al 3 and in a study conducted in Al Moaleem et al 16 Other researchers' concluded that caries and periodontal disease are equally involved in as causes of tooth loss Chrysanthakopoulos and Aderinokun and Dosumu. 21,25 In the current study, 26.6% of cases (Table 2), were registered that, orthodontic indications were the cause of tooth loss and it was totally among the young age group 15-24.…”

“…39 Several studies mentioned that orthodontic indications were the main responsible of the extractions in a range from 2% to 19. [3][4][5][6][7][8]10,12,15,18,[22][23] The failure of RCT registered in the current study was between 4.9-7.4%, which is slightly more than what was reported by 20 2.4%, Sahibzada et al 22 1%, and Kaira et al 23 0.29%, but it was equal to the percentage mentioned by Haseeb et al 11 and Al Moaleem 25 3.2%, and 4.1%, respectively, and less than a single study conducted in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, Al Moaleem et al 16 which was 12.1%, this can be explained by the high number of the daily traffic accident in SA ( Table 2).…”

Prevalence of Kennedy Classification in Partially Edentulous Patients - A Retrospective Study

“…Partial edentulism is when one or more teeth are missing. There are various causes for partial edentulism like caries, truma, periodontal problems, congenitally missing, internal resorptions, etc [1][2][3] . According to many studies, caries is the main cause of tooth extraction [4][5][6][7] .…”