Pattern of mandibular fractures in Chennai, India

Subhashraj, Krishnaraj; Ramkumar, S.; Ravindran, C

doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2006.10.004

Cited by 61 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Road traffic accidents remain the most frequent cause in the many developing countries, including India [8,9,[20][21][22][23][24]. The present study supports the findings of these earlier studies, showing that road traffic accidents represents 64 % of all etiological factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The male:female ratio (3.16:1) in our sample was lower than what has been reported by Cavalcanti et al [8], Cheema and Amin [9] and Ugboko et al [23] and this finding is in accordance with previous studies from India [13,22] as well as from other parts of the world [7,14]. This may be due to the active participation of females in society and consequently they are more susceptible to road traffic accidents and assault.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Different studies have shown that there are epidemiological differences in the etiology, type, and site of fracture and in patient characteristics [8,9,20,22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maxillofacial fractures are often associated with severe morbidity, functional deficit, disfigurement, and significant financial cost [15,17]. The incidence, patterns and etiology of maxillofacial fractures are influenced by geographic location, socio economic status of the cohort, and the period of investigation [8,11,14,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In developing nations, road traffic accidents [8,9,22,23] are the most frequent etiology and in developed countries assaults [10,11,15] are the most frequent etiology. Injuries to the middle third of the face are frequently complicated by injury to the eye, so, early diagnosis and management of ocular injuries is important for prevention of ocular dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etiology, Incidence and Patterns of Mid-Face Fractures and Associated Ocular Injuries

Septa¹,

Newaskar²,

Agrawal³

et al. 2012

J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg.

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A prospective study on mid-face fractures was carried out in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at College of Dentistry, Indore, from August 2007 to September 2009 to analyze etiology, incidence and patterns of midface fractures and associated ocular injuries. Two hundred patients were included in this study, amongst those who reported to the Department of OMFS, College of Dentistry, Indore. After confirmed diagnosis of mid face fracture all the patients were stratified according to age, sex, cause of the accident, influence of alcohol, location, type of fractures and associated ocular injuries. The study included 200 patients with a mean age of 29.6 years. The most frequently injured patients belonged to the 21-30 year-old age group. The male predilection was 76 %. Road traffic accident was the most common causative factor (64 %), followed by assault (21 %), cases of fall (9.5 %) and other causes (5.5 %). The most common fracture in this study was found to be zygomatic complex fractures (62.5 %) (more in the age group of 21-30 years). This was followed by Lefort II fractures (23 %), multiple fractures (10 %) and Lefort I fractures (6 %), Lefort III fractures (4.5 %) and Naso-ethmoidal fractures (4 %) in descending order. 84.5 % subjects were having ocular involvement. Subconjunctival hemorrhage was present mostly in 83.5 % followed by remaining as corneal injury 15 %, reduced acuity 11.5 %, diplopia 10.5 %, enophthalmos 8.5 %, telecanthus 5 %, hyphema 3.5 %, blindness 3 % and proptosis 0.5 %. Zygomatic complex fractures were the most frequent type of injury that was complicated by blindness or a serious eye injury (61 %). Collection of data regarding the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures is important because it may assist healthcare providers to provide necessary information for the development and evaluation of preventive measures. Ocular injuries should have an early ophthalmological examination at the time of trauma to detect any kind of ocular dysfunction.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Different studies have shown that there are epidemiological differences in the etiology, type, and site of fracture and in patient characteristics [8,9,20,22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%