Pattern of Drug Resistance and Risk Factors Associated with Development of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Pakistan

Ullah, Irfan; Javaid, Arshad; Tahir, Zarfishan; Ullah, Obaid; Shah, Aamer Ali; Hasan, Fariha; Ayub, Najma

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147529

Cited by 67 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This study found that the mean age of DR-TB patients were 38 years, mostly ranging from 36 to 45 years old, even though there was no fixed limits for the range of age that was more susceptible to DR-TB due to various cut off points for age in each study. 15 As many as 72 patients (75%) were married, consistent with the results of the studies by Myet et al 9 in Myanmar and Li et al 11 in China. As much as 27 patients (28.1%) are temporary workers or labor, similar to the result of the study by Mulu et al 14 at Amhara, Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This is consistent with the studies by Myet et al 9 in Myanmar, Li et al 11 in China, and Mulu et al 14 at Amhara, Ethiopia, which stated there are more men afflicted with DR-TB than women. Different results were obtained from the study by Ullah et al 15 in Pakistan, and Liu et al 16 in China which showed that there are more female patients than male patients, even though there are no clear known relationships between sex and risks of contracting DR-TB yet. From the age factor, it is known that people of productive age are more likely to contract DR-TB than the elderly (≥65 years old), which is similar to the results of the study by Nair et al 17 in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Knowledge toward Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis in One of the Highest Burden Drug Resistant Country

Ramadhani

Lestari²,

Suryadinata

2018

amj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is the biggest threat in TB case control worldwide. West Java Province is one of the three provinces with the most DR-TB burden in Indonesia. Knowledge level in DR-TB patients influences the perception, health search effort, and patient compliance towards DR-TB treatment. This study was aimed to identify the knowledge level about DR-TB in DR-TB patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive quantitative study used consecutive sampling. In the study 96 patients were included. Primary data were collected through interview with questionnaire towards DR-TB patients at MDR-TB Clinic Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during September-November 2016. The questionnaire contained sociodemographic data and knowledge about DR-TB which consisted of definition, transmission, risk factors, resistance types, symptoms, medication, and prevention of DR-TB. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software for descripitive statistical analysis. Results: The average age of patients was 38 years (SD±11.7) and mostly ranging from 36-45 years old. Male had a higher distribution compared to female (55.2%). Analysis results showed 20% patients had "Adequate" knowledge level, 34.4% of the patients had "Sufficient" knowledge, and 39.6% of the patients had "Poor" knowledge about DR-TB. Conclusions: DR-TB patients at MDR-TB Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung have "poor" knowledge regarding DR-TB.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Knowledge toward Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis in One of the Highest Burden Drug Resistant Country

Ramadhani

Lestari²,

Suryadinata

2018

amj

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After reading the full text, 19 articles 6,14-31 were considered eligible for this systematic review and metaanalysis, of which 12 articles were used for quantitative analyses of both prevalence of and risk factors for MDR-TB (Figure 1). Five studies reported both the prevalence of and risk factors for MDR-TB 16,21,[25][26]31 . Our search strategy yielded eligible studies from the following countries: Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Pakistan, and Armenia.…”

Section: Literature Search and Selection Of Eligible Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten studies were included for the meta-analysis of MDR-TB prevalence 16,18,[20][21][22][25][26][27]29,31 . The overall pooled estimate of MDR-TB prevalence in Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Pakistan, was 16% (95% CI 11-20) (Figure 2).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Mdr-tb In Iran and Its Neighboring Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran and its neighboring countries: systematic review and meta-analysis

Jimma

Ghazisaeedi

Shahmoradi

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tuberculosis, in particular drug-resistant tuberculosis, is of global concern due to the high mortality and morbidity associated with it annually. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and the risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran and its neighboring countries. Four databases (PubMed, BioMed Central, EMBASE, and Web of Science) were searched using key terms. Nineteen eligible articles were identified, of which 12 and seven were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis, respectively. The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, including both new and previously treated tuberculosis cases, in Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Pakistan was 16% (95% confidence interval [CI] 11-20). The patients with a previous tuberculosis treatment history (odds ratio [OR] = 6.45; 95% CI 5.12-7.79), those aged <45 years (OR = 1.57; 95% CI 1.12-2.03), and those who were males (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.19-2.48) had an increased pool risk of developing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The forest plot revealed that the pooled odds for the development of multidrug- resistant tuberculosis were 2.01 (95% CI 1.65-2.36). Poor adherence to treatment was one of the predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a great concern for public health programs in many countries globally, including those included in this review. The risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, specifically a previous tuberculosis treatment history, should be targeted through the implementation of specialized interventions.

show abstract

“…This has been seen in other studies done in other countries. [12][13][14][15][16] Drug resistance is known to occur due to inappropriate use of anti-tuberculosis drugs. 2 Younger people are more likely to develop drug resistant TB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Samtse General Hospital, Bhutan: A Retrospective Study

Dorji

2019

SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as a case of tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid which are the first line anti tuberculosis drugs. Globally emergences of MDR-TB possess a challenge to TB control. In Bhutan, the proportion of MDR-TB is high at par with the global level. This study will explore the predictors of MDR-TB and the trend at Samtse General Hospital which has high burden of tuberculosis. Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional study. The data was extracted from TB treatment cards maintained at TB unit of Samtse General Hospital TB from January 2012 to June 2018. Results: The study showed the prevalence of drug resistant to at least one drug at 21% and MDR-TB prevalence at 16%. The patients with previous treatments (AOR: 4.59; 95% CI .03-.18) and patients under the age of 30 years (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI 1.01- 7.42) were significantly associated with MDR-TB. Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of MDR-TB in Samtse. Better strategies and concrete actions need to be developed to combat the increase of MDR-TB.

show abstract

Pattern of Drug Resistance and Risk Factors Associated with Development of Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Pakistan

Cited by 67 publications

References 16 publications

Knowledge toward Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis in One of the Highest Burden Drug Resistant Country

Knowledge toward Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis in One of the Highest Burden Drug Resistant Country

Prevalence of and risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran and its neighboring countries: systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiology of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Samtse General Hospital, Bhutan: A Retrospective Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About