“…r e v i e w S Luo and ME Grams: Epidemiology research in kidney disease conduct of research studies, and the personalization of tools for CKD self-management such as smartphone applications. [112][113][114][115][116][117] Global initiatives are ongoing to reduce barriers to patient involvement in epidemiology research, such as patient uncertainty over their role in study design and guideline development and concerns from the academic community. 116,118,119 In Australia, the Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology initiative outlined practical steps to systematically implement consumer engagement in the management and research of kidney disease and to establish a set of core outcome measures on the basis of the shared priorities of patients, caregivers, clinicians, researchers, and policymakers.…”