Patient Safety Culture in Nurses in Karawang, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Patient safety is crucial for health care quality and is one of the major parameters monitored by all health care organizations around the world. Nurses play a critical role in improving the quality of care and patient safety because they take care of patients for the full 24 hours and engage with families and other health professionals. Thus, this study aimed to identify patient safety culture and its associated factors among nurses in Karawang, Indonesia. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. It was estimated that 220 participants would be needed to have confidence in the results at a medium-effect size. A convenience sampling technique was applied to select participants. This study used the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate the factors associated with patient safety culture. Most of the nurses (52.79%) had a nursing diploma and 7% had been married. Approximately 70% were nurses at the level 1 to 3 range. The mean score was 3.05 (SD = 1.43). The highest domains score was teamwork (4.03, SD = 1.76), and the lowest score was reporting patients’ safety events (2.21, SD = 1.43). Gender, education level, and working unit contributed significantly to the variance in patient safety culture and the R-squared was 28.8%. This study found that patient safety culture among nurses was moderate. Therefore, in order to improve patient safety, a training program for nurses is needed alongside strategies to improve professional communication.
 Keywords: patient safety, culture, nurses, Indonesia

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