Pathways to Water Sector Decarbonization, Carbon Capture and Utilization

Unsupervised process monitoring for fault detection and data cleaning is underdeveloped for municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the complexity and volume of data produced by sensors, equipment, and control systems. The goal of this work is to extensively test and tune an unsupervised process monitoring method that can promptly identify faults in a full-scale decentralized WWTP prior to significant system changes. Adaptive dynamic principal component analysis (AD-PCA) is a dimension reduction method modified to address autocorrelation and nonstationarity in multivariate processes and is evaluated in this work for its ability to continuously detect drift, shift, and spike faults. For spike faults, univariate drift faults, and multivariate shift faults, implementing AD-PCA on data that are subset by treatment processes and operating states with significant differences in covariates and whose model parameters use week-long training windows, moderate cumulative variance, and a high threshold for detection was found to detect faults prior to existing operational thresholds. To improve the consistency with which the AD-PCA method detects out-of-control conditions in real time, additional work is needed to remove outliers prior to model fitting and to detect multivariate drift faults in which the covariates change slowly.

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Comammoxand Unknown Candidate AOB Contribute to Nitrite Accumulation in an Integrated A-B stage process that Incorporates Side-stream EBPR (S2EBPR)

Yuan

Lee

Han

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In a pilot-scale A-B process integrated with side-stream enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) for treating municipal wastewater, an average of 7.62 ± 2.17 mg-N/L nitrite accumulation with nitrite accumulation ratio of 49% was achieved by partial nitrification, which was verified through relative higher ammonia oxidation activity (1.94 ± 0.89 mgN/gSS/h) than nitrite oxidation rate (1.06 ± 0.99 mgN/gSS/h). Nitrospira dominated the ammonia oxidizing community in a B-stage nitrification tank throughout the operation periods with one to two orders of magnitude higher than canonical aerobic oxidizing bacteria (AOB). The higher ammonia oxidation activity along with increased amoB/nxr ratio in nitrite accumulation period suggested the contribution of comammox Nitrospira as AOB. Phylogenetic investigation suggested that AMO and HAO were embedded in heterotrophic organisms that belong to the family Comamonadacea and the order Rhodocyclaceae. These organisms may function as heterotrophic nitrification. The integration of S2EBPR provides PAOs suitable environment, such as low ORP and favorable VFA concentrations and composition, but also exerts additional selective pressure on NOB activity than AOB, which may be beneficial for main-stream partial nitrification.

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Pathways to Water Sector Decarbonization, Carbon Capture and Utilization

Cited by 4 publications

References 674 publications

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Comammoxand Unknown Candidate AOB Contribute to Nitrite Accumulation in an Integrated A-B stage process that Incorporates Side-stream EBPR (S2EBPR)

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