Pathways to ecstasy use in young adults: Anxiety, depression or behavioural deviance?

Alati, Rosa; Kinner, Stuart A; Hayatbakhsh, Mohammad R.; Mamun, Abdullah Al; Najman, Jake M.; Williams, Gail M.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.07.007

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A higher smoking prevalence among party drug users was expected given the common sequences of drug involvement found in longitudinal studies in Australia [19,20] and other developed countries [21,22]. In these studies, young people who initiate drinking alcohol or cigarette smoking at an earlier age are more likely to smoke cannabis [22], and early and heavier cannabis users are subsequently more likely to use party drugs and other illicit drugs [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Patterns of tobacco smoking among illicit drug users in Australia 2001–2010

Fraser

Gartner

Hall

2014

Drug and Alcohol Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In 2001 there was a response rate of 50% resulting in a sample size of 4958 young adults and in 2010 the response rate was 51% resulting in a sample size of 3836 young adults (aged [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Weights were applied to the data to align the sample to the Australian population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of tobacco smoking among illicit drug users in Australia 2001–2010

Fraser

Gartner

Hall

2014

Drug and Alcohol Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Suggesting that pre-existing problems could be the cause of the drug use rather than the consequence; this has previously been shown by Lieb et al (2002) who reported that in a majority of cases ecstasy and other drug use was actually secondary to the onset of psychological problems. However, more recently Alati et al (2008) have prospectively shown that the psychopathology, such as anxiety and depression, did not precede ecstasy use. Whether the problems reported by problematic ecstasy users within this current study preceded or followed ecstasy user, is impossible to conclude based on the retrospective nature of the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attributions for psychobiological changes in ecstasy/MDMA and other polydrug users

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ecstasy [3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)] use has been associated with a number of psychopathological problems. However, research suggests that reported symptoms might be associated more with heavy polydrug use in general rather than ecstasy per se. The current study aimed to determine the role of other drug use in reports of long-term effects by some ecstasy-polydrug users. Problematic ecstasy users ( n = 53), reporting problems which they attributed to ecstasy use, were compared with non-problematic ecstasy users ( n = 62), polydrug ( n = 62) and alcohol/nicotine using controls ( n = 111). Drug use was recorded, and positive and negative life changes were assessed along with which previous drug use, if any, they attributed these changes too. Both ecstasy groups reported higher drug use compared with polydrug controls. Polydrug and ecstasy users more often reported life changes compared with non-drug users, and ecstasy users appeared to experience more life changes than polydrug users, with problematic ecstasy users experiencing most alterations. Ecstasy users reported changes more to a combination of drugs than to one specific drug, suggesting that polydrug use in these groups has an impact on their life experiences. These findings emphasise that research into the psychological effects of ecstasy should not underestimate the role of other polydrug use.

show abstract

“…Individuals exposed to trauma before 5 were excluded from analyses, individuals exposed to trauma between 5 and 14 were designated as having a behaviour problem according to the CBCL (measured at 5 years), individuals exposed to trauma after 14 were designated as having a behaviour problem according to the YSR (measured at 14 years). As done in previous studies, at both 5 and 14 years the highest scoring 10% of the sample were categorised as having either an internalising or externalising behaviour problem (Alati et al, 2008;. Family income and maternal education were measured at baseline.…”

Section: Measurement Of Confounding Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internalising and externalising behaviour problems were assessed in the offspring at 5 years using a shortened version of the child behaviour checklist (CBCL) (Achenbach, 1991a) completed by mothers, fully described elsewhere . At 14 years internalising and externalising behaviour was assessed using the Youth Self Report (YSR) (Achenbach, 1991b) completed by the children, and shown previously to have good validity and reliability in the MUSP cohort (Alati et al, 2008). We were only interested in behaviour problems which developed before exposure to trauma and thereby did not originate as part of a PTSD sequelae.…”

Section: Measurement Of Confounding Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early life course determinants of psychopathology

Betts¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Mental health problems are associated with a range of adverse outcomes as well as increased risk of later morbidity and premature mortality. Help seeking is uncommon at the early stages of mental health problems. Rather, treatment is often sought by patients after illnesses have already caused considerable distress or had substantial adverse personal, social and economic impacts. The purpose of the current work is to investigate the role of a number of early life course risk factors in the development of later psychopathology, using advanced statistical and epidemiological approaches applied to longitudinal data to ascertain predictive and causal pathways. The overall scope of this thesis is to provide the evidence necessary for developing primary and secondary prevention programs aimed at reducing the burden of mental illness on society. Aim 1:To investigate the role of intrauterine growth restriction in increasing the risk of psychiatric disorders characterised by negative affectivity. Aim 2:To investigate the potential for a transmission of maternal psychopathology to offspring. Aim 3:To assess whether maternal prenatal infection and exposure to stressful life events predict positive psychotic experiences in the offspring directly, or indirectly via postnatal risks and antecedents of psychosis. Aim 4:To investigate potential risk factors for the increased rates of female post-traumatic stress disorders, including gender-specific vulnerability resulting from physical assault and cognitive ability. Methods:The data came from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy (MUSP), a prospective pre-birth cohort study which began in 1981 at the Mater Hospital in Brisbane, Australia. The baseline sample consisted of 7,223 pregnant women attending their first obstetric visit for that pregnancy. Since then follow-ups over 21 years have prospectively ascertained a range of health related data on both mother and child. The current work uses predictor variables and covariates from every measurement period, and behaviour and mental health measures ascertained from the offspring at ages 14 and 21 years. A number of statistical and methodological approaches were applied to estimate the longitudinal association between a number of early life course risk factors and later psychopathology, and to account for attrition. Key findings:The relationship between birth weight and later psychopathology was specific to particular psychiatric diagnoses, namely Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders, and comorbid Major Depression and Generalised Anxiety Disorders. The combination of maternal prenatal depressive, anxious and stress symptoms predicted increased internalising and externalising behaviour problems in adolescent and adult offspring. Prenatal maternal infections and stressful life events predicted later offspring psychotic experiences via the intermediaries of early infant illness iii susceptibility and child behaviour problems respectively. The risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder associated with physical assault and ...

show abstract

Pathways to ecstasy use in young adults: Anxiety, depression or behavioural deviance?

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

Patterns of tobacco smoking among illicit drug users in Australia 2001–2010

Patterns of tobacco smoking among illicit drug users in Australia 2001–2010

Attributions for psychobiological changes in ecstasy/MDMA and other polydrug users

Early life course determinants of psychopathology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About