Pathways of Siberian Freshwater and Sea Ice in the Arctic Ocean Traced with Radiogenic Neodymium Isotopes and Rare Earth Elements

Laukert, Georgi; Hathorne, Edmund C.; Krumpen, Thomas; Rabe, Benjamin; Bauch, Dorothea; Werner, Kirstin; Peeken, Ilka; Kassens, Heidemarie

doi:10.2312/polarforschung.87.1.3

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Using nutrients in a water mass deconvolution relies on the assumption that the ratio of those nutrients behave conservatively, recent studies have demonstrated potential for other tracers to similarly deconvolve the water column (Andersson et al, 2008;Laukert et al, 2017;Whitmore et al, 2020). However, only nutrient data was available for all samples in the upper 500 m; therefore, we utilized the nutrient approach.…”

Section: Ancillary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Margin Influence on the Arctic Ocean Barium Cycle Revealed by Pan‐Arctic Synthesis

et al. 2022

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Early studies revealed relationships between barium (Ba), particulate organic carbon and silicate, suggesting applications for Ba as a paleoproductivity tracer and as a tracer of modern ocean circulation. But, what controls the distribution of barium (Ba) in the oceans? Here, we investigated the Arctic Ocean Ba cycle through a one‐of‐a‐kind data set containing dissolved (dBa), particulate (pBa), and stable isotope Ba ratio (δ138Ba) data from four Arctic GEOTRACES expeditions conducted in 2015. We hypothesized that margins would be a substantial source of Ba to the Arctic Ocean water column. The dBa, pBa, and δ138Ba distributions all suggest significant modification of inflowing Pacific seawater over the shelves, and the dBa mass balance implies that ∼50% of the dBa inventory (upper 500 m of the Arctic water column) was supplied by nonconservative inputs. Calculated areal dBa fluxes are up to 10 μmol m−2 day−1 on the margin, which is comparable to fluxes described in other regions. Applying this approach to dBa data from the 1994 Arctic Ocean Survey yields similar results. The Canadian Arctic Archipelago did not appear to have a similar margin source; rather, the dBa distribution in this section is consistent with mixing of Arctic Ocean‐derived waters and Baffin Bay‐derived waters. Although we lack enough information to identify the specifics of the shelf sediment Ba source, we suspect that a sedimentary remineralization and terrigenous sources (e.g., submarine groundwater discharge or fluvial particles) are contributors.

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Section: Ancillary Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Margin Influence on the Arctic Ocean Barium Cycle Revealed by Pan‐Arctic Synthesis

et al. 2022

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“…The expedition highlighted, in particular, the response of the ocean to storm events (Granskog et al, 2018;Graham et al, 2019). To date, manual surveys using icebreakers or drifting ice camps are the only means for extensive water sampling, including chemical provenance tracers (e.g., Bauch et al, 2011;Laukert et al, 2017aLaukert et al, , 2019 to analyze large-scale circulation and water mass transformation (e.g., Laukert et al, 2017b), as well as the pathways of Siberian river runoff (Laukert et al, 2017c;Paffrath et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography

et al. 2022

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Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional and global coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN conducted a full year of physical oceanography observations as part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), a drift with the Arctic sea ice from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the program to characterize the Arctic Ocean system in unprecedented detail, from the seafloor to the air-sea ice-ocean interface, from sub-mesoscales to pan-Arctic. The oceanographic measurements were coordinated with the other teams to explore the ocean physics and linkages to the climate and ecosystem. This paper introduces the major components of the physical oceanography program and complements the other team overviews of the MOSAiC observational program. Team OCEAN’s sampling strategy was designed around hydrographic ship-, ice- and autonomous platform-based measurements to improve the understanding of regional circulation and mixing processes. Measurements were carried out both routinely, with a regular schedule, and in response to storms or opening leads. Here we present along-drift time series of hydrographic properties, allowing insights into the seasonal and regional evolution of the water column from winter in the Laptev Sea to early summer in Fram Strait: freshening of the surface, deepening of the mixed layer, increase in temperature and salinity of the Atlantic Water. We also highlight the presence of Canada Basin deep water intrusions and a surface meltwater layer in leads. MOSAiC most likely was the most comprehensive program ever conducted over the ice-covered Arctic Ocean. While data analysis and interpretation are ongoing, the acquired datasets will support a wide range of physical oceanography and multi-disciplinary research. They will provide a significant foundation for assessing and advancing modeling capabilities in the Arctic Ocean.

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“…Significantly less radiogenic ε Nd signatures (<−17) are only introduced via discharge from Greenland and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Filippova et al, 2017;Laukert et al, 2018;Grenier et al, 2022). Four ice floes sampled in the central Arctic Ocean in 2012 had ε Nd compositions similar to their parental waters (Laukert et al, 2017c), pointing to the incorporation of seawater ε Nd signatures during sea ice growth. However, these samples were unfiltered and direct contributions from particulate phases could not be excluded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radiogenic neodymium (Nd) isotopes (expressed as ε Nd = ( 143 Nd/ 144 Nd) sample /( 143 Nd/ 144 Nd) CHUR − 1} × 10 4 , with CHUR= 0.512638; Jacobsen and Wasserburg, 1980) are a powerful tracer of water mass mixing and ocean circulation (Frank, 2002), but their application as a tracer of the water masses from which sea ice forms is novel. This potential results from the incorporation of small amounts of Nd from the ocean surface layer into sea ice during sea ice growth (Laukert et al, 2017c). Due to saltproportional rejection, the concentrations of Nd and other rare earth elements (REEs) in sea ice drop below those of seawater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Arctic Ocean, the ε Nd signature of surface waters reflects contributions from water masses and major rivers and ranges between −17 and −5.5 (see Fig. S-1 and description of marine ε Nd systematics in the Supplementary Information; Andersson et al, 2008;Porcelli et al, 2009;Laukert et al, 2017aLaukert et al, , 2017bLaukert et al, , 2017cLaukert et al, , 2019Paffrath et al, 2021). Significantly less radiogenic ε Nd signatures (<−17) are only introduced via discharge from Greenland and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (Filippova et al, 2017;Laukert et al, 2018;Grenier et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neodymium isotopes trace marine provenance of Arctic sea ice

Laukert¹,

Peeken²,

Bauch³

et al. 2022

Geochem. Persp. Let.

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Radiogenic neodymium (Nd) isotopes (ε Nd ) have the potential to serve as a geochemical tracer of the marine origin of Arctic sea ice. This capability results from pronounced ε Nd differences between the distinct marine and riverine sources, which feed the surface waters from which the ice forms. The first dissolved Nd isotope and rare earth element (REE) concentration data obtained from Arctic sea ice collected across the Fram Strait during RV Polarstern cruise PS85 in 2014 confirm the incorporation and preservation of the parental surface seawater ε Nd signatures despite efficient REE rejection. The large ε Nd variability between ice floes and within sea ice cores (−32 to −10) reflects changes in water mass distribution during ice growth and drift from the central Arctic Ocean to Fram Strait. In addition to the parental seawater composition, our new approach facilitates the reconstruction of the transfer of matter between the atmosphere, the sea ice and the ocean. In conjunction with satellite-derived drift trajectories, we enable a more accurate assessment of sea ice origin and spatiotemporal evolution, benefiting studies of sea ice biology, biodiversity, and biogeochemistry.

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Pathways of Siberian Freshwater and Sea Ice in the Arctic Ocean Traced with Radiogenic Neodymium Isotopes and Rare Earth Elements

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Strong Margin Influence on the Arctic Ocean Barium Cycle Revealed by Pan‐Arctic Synthesis

Strong Margin Influence on the Arctic Ocean Barium Cycle Revealed by Pan‐Arctic Synthesis

Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography

Neodymium isotopes trace marine provenance of Arctic sea ice

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