Pathways and mixing of the north western river waters in the Black Sea

Miladinova, S.; Adolf, Stips; Moy, Diego Macias; García-Górriz, Elisa

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106630

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our comparisons of integrated net cross-shelf transport across the 500 km section along the south-eastern Black Sea shelf (Figure 15a) were often half that of a similar 500 km section along the north-western Black Sea shelf (Figure 15b), which is the most important area of cross-shelf transport in the Black Sea, which is associated with its large freshwater influx and associated instabilities [62,63]. Hence, we concluded that the south-eastern Black Sea is an important pathway for the cross-shelf transport of materials and biota.…”

Section: Cross-shelf Exchanges In the Black Seamentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In order to assess the relative importance of the south-eastern Black Sea, we compared its cross-shelf transport with the north-western Black Sea using equal sections of 500 km for both (Figure 1, blue section). The north-western Black Sea was chosen for comparison, because it is an area known for strong cross-shelf transport [62,63] and also showed the strongest off-shelf transport signal in our analysis. Cross-shelf transport in the northwestern Black Sea was dominantly off-shelf, with few occasions of on-shelf transport (Figure 15b).…”

Section: Cross-shelf Exchanges In the South-east Black Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eddy Induced Cross-Shelf Exchanges in the Black Sea

2022

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Cross-shelf exchanges in the Black Sea were investigated using remote sensing data and an ocean circulation model to which an eddy-tracking algorithm and Lagrangian particle tracking model was applied. An anticyclonic eddy in 1998 and a cyclonic eddy in 2000 were investigated in detail. Eddy-induced cross-shelf transport of low salinity and high Chl-a waters reached a maximum in the presence of filaments associated with these eddies. The daily mean volume transport by the eddies was comparable with the previously documented transport by eddies of similar size in the north-western shelf region. Lagrangian particle tracking results showed that 59% of particles initially released over the shelf were transported offshore within 30 days by the 1998 anticyclone and 27% by the 2000 cyclone. The net volume transport across the Black Sea shelf-break reached the maxima in winter, coinciding with the increase in wind stress curl and mean kinetic energy that is a measure of the intensity of the boundary current. Ekman transport directly influences the cross-shelf exchanges in the surface layer. The south-eastern Black Sea is presented as an important area for cross-shelf transport. The total cross-shelf transport can be divided into its “large-scale” and “eddy-induced” components. Eddy-induced transport was 34% and 37% of the total cross-shelf transport (1998–2014) in the Black Sea in the off-shelf and on-shelf directions, respectively, but these values ranged between 25% and 65% depending on the eddy activity over time.

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Section: Cross-shelf Exchanges In the Black Seamentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Cross-shelf Exchanges In the South-east Black Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Eddy Induced Cross-Shelf Exchanges in the Black Sea

2022

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“…Usually, the water masses coming from the NWS do not penetrate into the interior of the sea, where the salinity is higher, but are transported from the periphery of the Rim Current along the coast. A tendency of decreasing Danube plume transport, southward along the coastline and increasing transport to the north and north-eastern parts of the NWS and then to the southwest is established in Reference [61]. Moreover, it is shown that the river-borne substances achieve maximum concentrations in the inner basin in September.…”

Section: Mass and Volume Transport Across The Nws Breakmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Figure 12c shows the SeaWiFS CHLa image, acquired on the same day [60], while the surface CHLa field and the surface currents, predicted by our modelling, are presented in Figure 12d. Previous modelling results [23,61] have shown that many MEs grow in late summer at spatial scales of 10-100 km and timescales of one month or more. The monthly velocity field given in Figure 12d could not capture all MEs which arose in a selected day.…”

Section: Mechanism Behind Autumn Blooms In the Black Seamentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of the Phytoplankton Dynamics in the Black Sea Inner Basin

Miladinova

Adolf

Moy

et al. 2020

Oceans

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We explore the patterns of Black Sea phytoplankton growth as driven by the thermohaline structure and circulation system and the freshwater nutrient loads. Seasonal and inter-annual variability of the phytoplankton blooms is examined using hydrodynamic simulations that resolve mesoscale eddies and online coupled bio-geochemical model. This study suggests that the bloom seasonality is homogeneous across geographic locations of the Black Sea inner basin, with the strongest bloom occurring in winter (February–March), followed by weaker bloom in spring (April–May), summer deep biomass maximum (DBM) (June–September) and a final bloom in autumn (October–November). The winter phytoplankton bloom relies on vertical mixing of nitrate from the intermediate layers, where nitrate is abundant. The winter bloom is highly dependent on the strength of the cold intermediate layers (CIL), while spring/summer blooms take advantage of the CIL weakness. The maximum phytoplankton transport across the North Western Shelf (NWS) break occurs in September, prior to the basin interior autumn bloom. Bloom initiation in early autumn is associated with the spreading of NWS waters, which in turn is caused by an increase in mesoscale eddy activity in late summer months. In summary, the intrusion of low salinity and nitrate-rich water into the basin interior triggers erosion of the thermocline, resulting in vertical nitrate uplifting. The seasonal phytoplankton succession is strongly influenced by the recent CIL disintegration and amplification of the Black Sea circulation, which may alter the natural Black Sea nitrate dynamics, with subsequent effects on phytoplankton and in turn on all marine life.

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“…Rivers are one of the strongest contributors of freshwater with impact to the general circulation in the Black Sea together with wind stress and bathymetric peculiarities: in particular, the North-West shelf region is dominated by the Danube River floodplain and outflow. The Danube, together with the Dniepr and the Dniester and the dense distribution of rivers along the overall coastline contribute to a positive water budget (~5.4 × 105 km 3 ), making the Black Sea a typical estuarine basin [34][35][36]. The Black Sea circulation is structured usually in two connected gyre systems encompassing the basin (the Rim Current) and quasi-stationary anticyclonic eddies in the coastal zone, such as Batumi, Sevastopol, Caucasian, Sakarya, Sinop ones [30,37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modelling Approach for the Assessment of Wave-Currents Interaction in the Black Sea

Causio

Ciliberti

Clementi

et al. 2021

JMSE

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In this study, we investigate wave-currents interaction for the first time in the Black Sea, implementing a coupled numerical system based on the ocean circulation model NEMO v4.0 and the third-generation wave model WaveWatchIII v5.16. The scope is to evaluate how the waves impact the surface ocean dynamics, through assessment of temperature, salinity and surface currents. We provide also some evidence on the way currents may impact on sea-state. The physical processes considered here are Stokes–Coriolis force, sea-state dependent momentum flux, wave-induced vertical mixing, Doppler shift effect, and stability parameter for computation of effective wind speed. The numerical system is implemented for the Black Sea basin (the Azov Sea is not included) at a horizontal resolution of about 3 km and at 31 vertical levels for the hydrodynamics. Wave spectrum has been discretised into 30 frequencies and 24 directional bins. Extensive validation was conducted using in-situ and satellite observations over a five-year period (2015–2019). The largest positive impact of wave-currents interaction is found during Winter while the smallest is in Summer. In the uppermost 200 m of the Black Sea, the average reductions of temperature and salinity error are about −3% and −6%, respectively. Regarding waves, the coupling enhanced the model skill, reducing the simulation error, about −2%.

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Pathways and mixing of the north western river waters in the Black Sea

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Eddy Induced Cross-Shelf Exchanges in the Black Sea

Eddy Induced Cross-Shelf Exchanges in the Black Sea

Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of the Phytoplankton Dynamics in the Black Sea Inner Basin

A Modelling Approach for the Assessment of Wave-Currents Interaction in the Black Sea

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