Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis: The Role of Inflammation

Tousoulis, Dimitris; Kampoli, Anna–Maria; Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.; Androulakis, Emmanuel; Antoniades, Charalambos; Toutouzas, Konstantinos; Stefanadis, Christodoulos

doi:10.2174/138161211798764843

Cited by 106 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Atherosclerosis is a complex mechanism that involves inflammatory processes, especially at the level of endothelial cells [37,38]. Several potential inflammatory biomarkers for the prediction of atherosclerosis have been proposed including CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, SELL, SELP, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 [39][40][41].…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Carnitine Supplementation Increases Trimethylamine-N-Oxide but not Markers of Atherosclerosis in Healthy Aged Women

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: L-carnitine can be metabolized to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a molecule that promotes atherogenesis through its interaction with macrophages and lipid metabolism. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess whether L-carnitine supplementation may promote changes in selected serum biomarkers of atherosclerosis. Methods: Before the start, in the mid-point and after completing the 24-weeks supplementation protocol, fasting blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein. Plasma free L-carnitine and TMAO were determined by the UPLC/MS/MS method. Serum proteins were determined by the enzyme immunoassay method using commercially available kits. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides have been determined using standard automatic analyzer. Results: L-carnitine supplementation elevated fasting plasma carnitine in the mid-point of our study and it remained increased until the end of supplementation period. Moreover, it induced tenfold increase in plasma TMAO concentration but did not affect serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, L-selectin, P-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 or lipid profile markers. Conclusion: We demonstrated that although oral L-carnitine supplementation significantly increased plasma TMAO concentration, no lipid profile changes or other markers of adverse cardiovascular events were detected in healthy aged women over the period of 24 weeks.

show abstract

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Carnitine Supplementation Increases Trimethylamine-N-Oxide but not Markers of Atherosclerosis in Healthy Aged Women

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[7,[23][24][25][26][27] Various pathological causes have been considered as leading to an increase in interarm BP differences such as atherosclerosis, vasculitis, fibromuscular hyperplasia, connective tissue, and thoracic outlet compression. [10][11][12][13][14][15] In the absence of anatomic obstruction, interarm differences in SBP were thought to be related to some intrinsic property of the cardiovascular system. Studies by Canepa et al showed that interarm difference in SBP was based on alterations in arterial stiffness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease are the most common pathological causes of chronic limb ischemia leading to IAD. [10,11] Diseases such as aortic dissection, large vessel vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus have an atherosclerotic process that can cause limb ischemia (and therefore also lead to IAD). [12,13] Fibromuscular dysplasia and vessel compression can cause limb ischemia even though they do not have an atherosclerotic process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interarm blood pressure difference: Magnitude and prevalence in healthy adults

Inassi¹,

Razeena²,

Jowhara³

2017

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Hypertension is one of the major preventable causes of premature morbidity and mortality worldwide. Measurement of blood pressure (BP) is the most common investigation performed in primary care setting to manage the vast majority of hypertensive patients. BP measurement guidelines recommend that BP should be assessed in both arms at the initial visit to prevent misdiagnosis of hypertension. The interarm difference (IAD) in BP has received increasing attention in recent years because a difference of >10 mm of Hg has been found to be a potential marker of peripheral vascular disease and predictor of cardiovascular disease. Aim and Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and magnitude of IAD in healthy adults. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 normal healthy adults were recruited for the study. BP was assessed by automatic blood pressure monitor after 5 min rest. Results: In this study, prevalences of the IAD were found to be 19.0% for systolic > or =10 mmHg, 4.5% for systolic > or =20 mmHg, and 6.0% for diastolic >or =10 mmHg. Conclusion: IAD exists in a substantial number of healthy adults. A difference of >10 mm of Hg systolic or diastolic BP should be investigated further as it is found to have a prognostic value for predicting cardiovascular events. Hence, we conclude that IAD is a simple, noninvasive and sensitive method of detecting individuals prone for cardiovascular morbidities.

show abstract

“…The exact mechanisms for the coagulation-dependent mechanisms of atherogenesis are still obscure. It is well known that the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves a number of local inflammatory mechanisms, including endothelial dysfunction, leukocyte migration, extracellular matrix degradation, and platelet activation [5], and these mechanisms mediate many of the stages of the development of the atheromatous plaque, from initial leukocyte recruitment to eventual rupture of the unstable atherosclerotic plaque [20]. Fibrinogen may play an important role in all stages of these events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher SXscore are associated with more serious disease and worse prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) [2,3]. It is well established that underlying processes such as inflammation, enhanced coagulant activity, and endothelial dysfunction are closely related to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of plasma fibrinogen with the extent and complexity of coronary lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Kurtul¹,

Yarlıoğlueş

Murat

et al. 2016

Kardiol Pol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A b s t r a c tBackground: High Syntax score (SXscore) is associated with more serious disease and worse prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Plasma fibrinogen levels are associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. Aim:To investigate the relation of admission fibrinogen levels with intermediate-high SXscore in patients with ACS. Methods:A total of 752 patients (61.6 ± 12.8 years, 67.3% men) with ACS, who underwent urgent coronary angiography (CAG) were enrolled. Laboratory data including fibrinogen and high sensitivity C-reactive protein were obtained before CAG. Syntax scores of all patients were calculated from baseline CAG. The patients were divided into two groups: low SXscore (≤ 22) and intermediate-high SXscore (≥ 23).Results: Admission fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in the SXscore ≥ 23 group when compared with the SXscore ≤ 22 group (median 492 mg/dL, interquartile range 428-581 mg/dL vs. median 370 mg/dL, interquartile range 309-428 mg/dL, respectively; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of intermediate-high SXscore were fibrinogen (OR 1.008, 95% CI 1.005-1.010, p < 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR 0.935, p < 0.001), and age (OR 1.029, p = 0.041). A level of fibrinogen > 417 mg/dL had an 80.0% sensitivity and 71.3% specificity in predicting intermediate-high SXscore. Conclusions:Increased fibrinogen levels are independently associated with intermediate-high SXscore in patients with ACS.

show abstract

Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis: The Role of Inflammation

Cited by 106 publications

References 0 publications

L-Carnitine Supplementation Increases Trimethylamine-N-Oxide but not Markers of Atherosclerosis in Healthy Aged Women

L-Carnitine Supplementation Increases Trimethylamine-N-Oxide but not Markers of Atherosclerosis in Healthy Aged Women

Interarm blood pressure difference: Magnitude and prevalence in healthy adults

The association of plasma fibrinogen with the extent and complexity of coronary lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About