Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of visceral fat obesity

Matsuzawa, Yūji; Shimomura, Iichiro; Nakamura, Tadashi; Keno, Yoshiaki; Tokunaga, Katsuto

doi:10.1016/0168-8227(94)90236-4

Cited by 53 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The reason for that is visceral adipose tissue, which is mainly drained by the portal venous system and subsequently drained into the liver, in which it causes insulin resistance [35]. When compared to subcutaneous fat, the free fatty acid (FFA) mobilization is more rapid in visceral fat and subsequently increases the FFA levels in the systemic circulation [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides that, visceral fat has a stronger lipolytic effect from catecholamine and weaker antilipolytic effect from insulin hormone which may probably be due to decrease in insulin receptor affinity in that tissue [37]. These excess free fatty acids may cause the enhancement of lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis, as well as insulin resistance, resulting in hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance, hypertension, and finally atherosclerosis [35]. In this study, the prevalence of high visceral fat was 46.8%, which comprised almost half of the participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia

Cheah

Lwin

et al. 2018

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Background Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was found to be one of the strongest markers in predicting the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This study was to determine the AIP and its relationship with other CVD risk factors. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was done among 349 staff of a public university in Sarawak. Data were collected using questionnaire, blood sampling, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurement. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results A total of 349 respondents participated with majority females (66.8%), aged 38.5 ± 7.82 years. Nearly 80% of the respondents were overweight and obese, 87.1% with high and very high body fat, and 46.9% with abnormal visceral fat. For AIP category, 8.9% were found to be in intermediate and 16.4% were at high risk. Elevated lipid profile showed that total cholesterol (TC) is 15.5%, low density lipoprotein (LDL) is 16.1%, and triglyceride (TG) is 10.6%. AIP was significantly correlated with body mass index (r=0.25), visceral fat (r=0.37), TC (r=0.22), LDL (0.24), HDL (r=−0.72), TG (r=0.84), glucose (r=0.32), systolic blood pressure (r=0.22), and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.28). Conclusion It indicated that AIP is associated with other CVD risk factors. Modification of lifestyle is strongly recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia

Cheah

Lwin

et al. 2018

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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“…Children with obesity have a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome, caused by their higher amount of fat tissue compared with normal-weight children (24–26). It is important to differentiate between two types of fat tissue: VAT (intraabdominal) and sc adipose tissue (27). VAT is an important risk factor for metabolic syndrome and has a higher correlation with the risk of CVD than sc adipose tissue and total adipose tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuchal Skinfold Thickness: A Novel Parameter for Assessment of Body Composition in Childhood Craniopharyngioma

Sterkenburg

Hoffmann

Reichel

et al. 2016

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Context:Hypothalamic obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and relapse/progression have a major impact on prognosis in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma (CP). We analyzed nuchal skinfold thickness (NST) on magnetic resonance imaging performed for follow-up monitoring as a novel parameter for body composition (BC) and CVD in CP.Objective:The objective of the study was to identify the association of NST with body mass index (BMI), waist to height ratio (WHtR), functional capacity, and blood pressure (BP) in CP and controls.Design:This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal prospective study in CP patients.Setting:The study was conducted at HIT-Endo, KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000/2007.Patients:Participants included 94 CP patients and 75 controls.Interventions:There were no interventions.Main Outcome Measures:Association of NST with BC and BP in 43 CP and 43 controls was measured.Results:NST correlated with BMI SD score (SDS; r = 0.78; P < .001; n = 169) and WHtR (r = 0.85; P < .001; n = 86) in the total cohort and CP patients (NST-BMI SDS: r = 0.77, P < .001, n = 94); NST-WHtR: r = 0.835, P < .001, n=43) and controls (NST-BMI SDS: r = 0.792, P < .001, n = 75; NST-WHtR: r = 0.671, P < .001, n = 43). In CP, systolic BP correlated with NST (r = 0.575, P < .001), BMI SDS (r = 0.434, P = .004), and WHtR (r = 0.386, P = .011). Similar results were observed for diastolic BP in CP. In multivariate analyses, NST had a predictive value for hypertension in postpubertal CP and controls (odds ratio 6.98, 95% confidence interval [1.65, 29.5], P = .008). During a longitudinal follow-up, changes in NST correlated with changes in BMI SDS (P < .001) and WHtR (P = .01) but not with changes in BP and functional capacity.Conclusions:Because monitoring of magnetic resonance imaging and BC is essential for follow-up in CP, NST could serve as a novel and clinically relevant parameter for longitudinal assessment of BC and CVD risk in CP.

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“…Previous studies demonstrated the association between obesity and CAN in patients with diabetes because of common pathogenic links such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia [23-26]. Matsuzawa et al [23] proposed a link between visceral fat accumulation and metabolic and circulatory disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Matsuzawa et al [23] proposed a link between visceral fat accumulation and metabolic and circulatory disorders. Thus, mesenteric fat showed more lipogenic activity than did subcutaneous fat [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Visceral Adiposity on Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the influences of visceral adiposity on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsTwo hundred eleven patients with type 2 diabetes participated in this study. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured, and the visceral fat area was assessed using computed tomography. CAN was diagnosed using a cardiovascular reflex test. We analyzed the correlation between the visceral fat area and each parameter in this test.ResultsThe mean age, body mass index (BMI), and duration of diabetes of the study population were 60±14 years (mean±standard deviation), 25.1±4.2 kg/m2, and 12.3±8.9 years, respectively. The visceral fat area showed positive correlations with age, BMI, waist circumference, and subcutaneous fat area. There was no statistically significant difference in the cardiovascular reflex test outcome between genders. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that an increased visceral fat area diminished good heart rate response to a Valsalva maneuver (R2=4.9%, P=0.013 in an unadjusted model), but only in women. This statistical association was preserved after adjusting for age and BMI (R2=9.8%, P=0.0072).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that visceral adiposity contributes to an autonomic imbalance to some degree, as demonstrated by the impaired cardiovascular reflex test among women with type 2 diabetes.

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Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of visceral fat obesity

Cited by 53 publications

References 6 publications

Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia

Understanding the Relationship between Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Staff of an University in Malaysia

Nuchal Skinfold Thickness: A Novel Parameter for Assessment of Body Composition in Childhood Craniopharyngioma

Influence of Visceral Adiposity on Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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