Pathophysiological and neurobehavioral injuries in mice experimentally envenomed with Androctonus liouvillei (Pallary, 1928) scorpion venom

Hidan, Moulay Abdelmonaim El; Touloun, Oulaid; Hiba, Omar El; Boumezzough, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.etp.2015.11.005

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This finding coheres with previous reports exhibiting a direct/indirect nephrotoxic outcome by the venom because, besides the information on last paragraph, it also produces the release of many modulators and mediators such as neurotransmitters, cytokines; oxygen-free radicals, and lipidic solutions [46][47][48]. This development is present in C. margaritatus [49], Hottentota gentili [50]; T. nororientalis [51], Androctonus australis hector [46]; Androctonus liouvillei [47], and T. caripintensis [48], along other specimens from the Buthidae family.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of the Scorpionism Caused by Centruroides margaritatus, Tityus pachyurus and Tityus n. sp. aff. metuendus Scorpion Venoms in Colombia

Mendoza-Tobar

Meza-Cabrera

Sepúlveda-Arias

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Among other scorpion species, Colombia has two genera of the Buthidae family Centruroides and Tityus, considered to be dangerous to humans. This research shares scientific knowledge aiming to a better understanding about the pathophysiological effects of such venoms. The venom of the three species: Centruroides margaritarus, Tityus pachyurus, and T. n. sp. aff. metuendus with biomedical interest were studied. An initial pre-glycemic sample was taken from ICR mice. They were later intraperitoneally inoculated with doses of 35% and 70% of LD50 of total venom. Poisoning signs were observed during a 6-h period to determine the level of scorpionism. After observation, a second glycemic sample was taken, and a histopathological evaluation of different organs was performed. This work revealed that all three venoms showed considerably notorious histopathological alterations in main organs such as heart and lungs; and inducing multiple organ failure, in relation to the glycemia values, only C. margaritatus and T. n. sp. aff. metuendus showed significant changes through manifestation of hyperglycemia. According to the Colombian scorpionism level; signs were mild to severe affecting the autonomous nervous system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of the Scorpionism Caused by Centruroides margaritatus, Tityus pachyurus and Tityus n. sp. aff. metuendus Scorpion Venoms in Colombia

Mendoza-Tobar

Meza-Cabrera

Sepúlveda-Arias

et al. 2021

Toxins

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“…Androctonus is possibly the most dangerous genus in North Africa, because of its wide distribution, size, and the high toxicity of its venom [ 28 ]; also species belonging to this genus is well adapted to anthropized habitats, making scorpion-human encounters frequent especially close to rural dwellings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androctonus genus species in arid regions: Ecological niche models, geographical distributions, and envenomation risk

et al. 2018

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Aim:The objective of this study was to establish environmental factors related to scorpion species occurrence and their current potential geographic distributions in Morocco, to produce a current envenomation risk map and also to assess the human population at risk of envenomation.Materials and Methods:In this study, 71 georeferenced points for all scorpion species and nine environmental indicators were used to generate species distribution models in Maxent (maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions) version 3.3.3k. The models were evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC), using the omission error and the binomial probability. With the data generated by Maxent, distribution and envenomation risk maps were produced using the “ESRI® ArcGIS 10.2.2 for Desktop” software.Results:The models had high predictive success (AUC >0.95±0.025). Altitude, slope and five bioclimatic attributes were found to play a significant role in determining Androctonus scorpion species distribution. Ecological niche models (ENMs) showed high concordance with the known distribution of the species. Produced risk map identified broad risk areas for Androctonus scorpion envenomation, extending along Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz, Souss-Massa-Draa, and some areas of Doukkala-Abda and Oriental regions.Conclusion:Considering these findings ENMs could be useful to afford important information on distributions of medically important scorpion species as well as producing scorpion envenomation risk maps.

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“…A . liouvillei is only found in Morocco and is responsible for 9% of stings and 14% of deaths in the country’s southwestern part [ 94 ]. Furthermore, A .…”

Section: Main Species Responsible For Severe Envenomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, A . amoreuxi shares the same geographical range and is responsible for approximately 17% of scorpion stings in southern Morocco [ 94 ], but its distribution also stretches to Egypt and Jordan. Another medically important species, A .…”

Section: Main Species Responsible For Severe Envenomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it is likely that severe localized pain that is prevalent in envenomings caused by the Hottentotta genus is mediated by NTxs [ 106 – 108 ]. In addition to localized pain, severe sympathetic symptoms, such as tachypnea, convulsions, and parasympathetic symptoms with potentially fatal outcomes, have been reported for this genus [ 94 , 106 ].…”

Section: Main Species Responsible For Severe Envenomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terrestrial venomous animals, the envenomings they cause, and treatment perspectives in the Middle East and North Africa

et al. 2021

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The Middle East and Northern Africa, collectively known as the MENA region, are inhabited by a plethora of venomous animals that cause up to 420,000 bites and stings each year. To understand the resultant health burden and the key variables affecting it, this review describes the epidemiology of snake, scorpion, and spider envenomings primarily based on heterogenous hospital data in the MENA region and the pathologies associated with their venoms. In addition, we discuss the venom composition and the key medically relevant toxins of these venomous animals, and, finally, the antivenoms that are currently in use to counteract them. Unlike Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, scorpion stings are significantly more common (approximately 350,000 cases/year) than snakebites (approximately 70,000 cases/year) and present the most significant contributor to the overall health burden of envenomings, with spider bites being negligible. However, this review also indicates that there is a substantial lack of high-quality envenoming data available for the MENA region, rendering many of these estimates speculative. Our understanding of the venoms and the toxins they contain is also incomplete, but already presents clear trends. For instance, the majority of snake venoms contain snake venom metalloproteinases, while sodium channel–binding toxins and potassium channel–binding toxins are the scorpion toxins that cause most health-related challenges. There also currently exist a plethora of antivenoms, yet only few are clinically validated, and their high cost and limited availability present a substantial health challenge. Yet, some of the insights presented in this review might help direct future research and policy efforts toward the appropriate prioritization of efforts and aid the development of future therapeutic solutions, such as next-generation antivenoms.

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Pathophysiological and neurobehavioral injuries in mice experimentally envenomed with Androctonus liouvillei (Pallary, 1928) scorpion venom

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Comparison of the Scorpionism Caused by Centruroides margaritatus, Tityus pachyurus and Tityus n. sp. aff. metuendus Scorpion Venoms in Colombia

Comparison of the Scorpionism Caused by Centruroides margaritatus, Tityus pachyurus and Tityus n. sp. aff. metuendus Scorpion Venoms in Colombia

Androctonus genus species in arid regions: Ecological niche models, geographical distributions, and envenomation risk

Terrestrial venomous animals, the envenomings they cause, and treatment perspectives in the Middle East and North Africa

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