Pathologisch-anatomische und morphometrische Untersuchungen am Herzen von wildlebenden Kakadus

Abstract

The results can serve as a basis for the assessment of the heart in psittacine birds, because in contrast to earlier reports, the heart of healthy psittacine birds not previously exposed to any human influence could be assessed.

Radiographic Measurements of the Cardiac Silhouette and Comparison with Other Radiographic Landmarks in Wild Galahs (Eolophus roseicapilla)

“…However, in Pees et al [2], the heart size of wild galahs (rose-breasted cockatoos-Eolophus roseicapilla) was investigated, after euthanasia, to evaluate anatomy and pathology. In the study, the heart width was determined to be 17.7-27.3 mm (20 ± 1.8), the heart length 19.5-30.3 mm (26 ± 2.2), and the heart height 14.1-18 mm (16 ± 0.9) [2]. In the present study, the width was within the same range presented by Pees et al, 17.77-23.63 mm (21.38 ± 1.34).…”

“…Because of this, species-specific measurements are necessary to help guide the clinician when using radiographs to assess cardiac size and plan for cardiac workup and, hence, signify the importance of studies that establish reference values for wild and captive birds, which can also help to understand the causes of cardiac diseases that develop in birds in captivity but are almost non-existent in the wild [2].…”

“…Cardiac diseases, whether primary or secondary, are common in bird species in captivity. In post-mortem findings, Krautwald-Junghanns et al reported finding macroscopic changes of the heart in 36% of the cases, with 15% of these cases being hypertrophic or dilatative cardiomyopathy [1,2]. Another study described 9.7% of pet birds with cardiomyopathies at post-mortem examination and estimated that 5.6% of these birds likely died as a result of primary cardiac disease [3].…”

“…Another study described 9.7% of pet birds with cardiomyopathies at post-mortem examination and estimated that 5.6% of these birds likely died as a result of primary cardiac disease [3]. Free-living birds, on the other hand, have rarely been diagnosed with cardiac failure [2,4].…”