Pathologic Changes in Huntington's Chorea

Dunlap, Charles B.

doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1927.02210060002001

Cited by 68 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These results are of considerable interest when contrasted with the effects of Parkinson's disease on synchronization, discussed above. In Huntington's chorea, the ganglion cells in the putamen and caudate nucleus are grossly reduced in number and may be absent; little or no loss of cells is seen in the globus pallidus, the final coordinating pathway of the basal ganglion or in the subsantia nigra (Dunlap, 1927). In Parkinson's disease, however, there is a marked depigmentation and cell degeneration, particularly in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and also in the locus coeruleus (Oppenheimer, 1976).…”

Section: Basal Ganglia and Cerebellar Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous pathways underlying synchronization of human motor unit firing studied during voluntary contractions.

Datta

Farmer

Stephens

1991

The Journal of Physiology

143

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SUMMARY1. Motor unit firing has been studied during weak voluntary isometric contractions with pairs of needle electrodes in normal human subjects.2. Pre-and post-stimulus time histograms of the firing time of firing of one event unit before and after the time of firing of another reference (stimulus) unit showed a clear central peak, indicative of synchronization.3. Synchronization was seen in all the muscles studied. The mean strength of synchronization, expressed as the number of concomitant discharges of the two units as a proportion of the number of stimulus unit discharges, was 0 095 extra event unit spikes/reference unit spike (range 0 042-0{28) for first dorsal interosseous muscle, 0-016 extra event unit spikes per reference unit spike (range 0-4043) for medial gastrocnemius and 0-056 extra event unit spikes per reference unit spike (range 0-016-0-079) for tibialis anterior.4. The mean duration of synchronization was 11-3 ms (range 5-0-21-0 ms) for first dorsal interosseous, 10-3 ms (range 3-5-21-7 ms) for medial gastrocnemious and 13-5 ms (range 3 0-25 0) for tibialis anterior.5. Seven patients with radiographically and clinically identified central strokes were studied while they made weak voluntary isometric contractions. The duration of synchronization was significantly prolonged compared to that found in normal subjects. In these stroke patients the mean duration of synchronization on the affected side was longer than that seen in the normal subjects, and in first dorsal interosseous muscle was 35-4 ms (range 12-0-65-0 ms), in medial gastrocnemius was 21-3 ms (range 4 0-43 0 ms) and in tibialis anterior was 28-8 ms (range 14-0-49-0 ms).6. The mean strength of synchronization of motor unit discharge was found to be greater in the stroke patients than that seen in the normal subjects for first dorsal interosseous muscle (0 161 extra event unit spikes per reference unit spike, range 0-017-04391) and for medial gastrocnemius (0'030 extra event unit spikes per reference unit spike) but only significantly so when pooled data was compared. There was no difference in the strength of motor unit synchronization in tibialis anterior between stroke patients and normal subjects. * To whom correspondence should be addressed. 8073A. K. DATTA, S F. FARMER AND J. A. STEPHENS 7. Broad duration synchronization among first dorsal interosseous motor units was also found in a pateint with a rostral cervical spine lesion (total duration range 43-46 ms; n = 2), but not in a patient with a caudal (thoracic) spinal lesion. Broad duration 'synchronization was also found in a patient with untreated idiopathic Parkinson's disease (range 37-45 ms; n = 2) and in a patient with a cerebellar haematoma (range 19-28 ms; n = 2) but not in a patient with Huntington's chorea (range 9-20 ms; n = 2).8. Normal subjects were asked to isometrically co-contract two muscles; the firing of a motor unit in each muscle was studied. Synchronization of motor unit firing was always found between muscles defined as anatomical antagonists. The strengt...

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Section: Basal Ganglia and Cerebellar Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central nervous pathways underlying synchronization of human motor unit firing studied during voluntary contractions.

Datta

Farmer

Stephens

1991

The Journal of Physiology

143

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“…Clinicopathologic data have for many years pointed to the frequent association between athetoid and choreiform hyperkinesias and lesions in the striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) (1). A major obstacle to understanding the nature of these complex disorders has been the inability to reproduce any but evanescent manifestations of these symptoms by striatal lesions in lower animals (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Athetoid and Choreiform Hyperkinesias Produced by Caudate Lesions in the Cat

Liles

Davis

1969

Science

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“…As long ago as 1911, Alzheimer had stated that there could " hardly be a remaining doubt " that in Huntington's chorea severe degenerative processes were regularly present in the cerebral cortex. Dunlap (1927), in his classical paper on the subject, remarked that in pure and well-developed instances of the disease there were constant lesions present in the cerebral cortex as well as in the corpus striatum, but he admitted that to date he had been unable to convince himself that there was any true loss of cortical cells. Minski and Guttmann (1938) remark that it does not seem possible to distinguish the dementia of Huntington's chorea from that in other types of dementing psychosis by any one specific feature such as a characteristic disturbance of thought.…”

Section: Dementia In Middle Agementioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review: Dementia in Middle Age

McMenemey¹

1941

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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Pathologic Changes in Huntington's Chorea

Cited by 68 publications

References 7 publications

Central nervous pathways underlying synchronization of human motor unit firing studied during voluntary contractions.

Central nervous pathways underlying synchronization of human motor unit firing studied during voluntary contractions.

Athetoid and Choreiform Hyperkinesias Produced by Caudate Lesions in the Cat

A Critical Review: Dementia in Middle Age

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