Pathogenicity and colonization of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae by luminescent vibrios

Soto-Rodríguez, Sonia A.; Simões, Nuno; Roque, Ana; Gil, Bruno Gómez

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.04.035

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…to allow possible bacterial colonization of the Artemia nauplii. The bacterial dose was selected on the basis of a previous study (Soto-Rodriguez et al, 2006), where 10 4 -10 6 c.f.u. ml 21 of a luminous Vibrio were used to study the colonization potential against Litopenaeus vannamei larvae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Vibrio campbellii isolated from diseased farm-shrimps from south India and establishment of its pathogenic potential in an Artemia model

et al. 2011

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Shrimp diseases are frequently reported to be caused by closely related vibrios, and in many cases they are tentatively but inaccurately identified as Vibrio harveyi and related vibrios. In the present study, 28 biochemically identified V. harveyi-related strains isolated from diseased shrimps were randomly selected for further characterization by molecular tools. Twenty-six strains were identified as Vibrio campbellii and two as V. harveyi by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and uridylate kinase genes. Haemolysin-gene-based species-specific multiplex PCR also confirmed these results. Experimental challenge studies using Artemia as a model showed that eight isolates were highly pathogenic, three were moderately pathogenic and the remaining 17 were non-pathogenic. Ribotyping with BglI clearly distinguished V. campbellii from V. harveyi, but it failed to separate pathogenic and non-pathogenic clusters. Artemia nauplii challenged with a fluorescently labelled highly pathogenic strain (IPEY54) showed patches in the digestive tract. However, no patches were observed for a non-pathogenic strain (IPEY41). Direct bacterial counts also supported colonization potential for the highly pathogenic strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation and accurate identification of large numbers of V. campbellii associated with shrimp disease in aquacultural farms. V. campbellii has long been considered to be non-pathogenic and classified with V. harveyi-related bacteria. However, we show that this species may be an emerging aquaculture pathogen. This study will help to formulate suitable strategies to combat this newly identified pathogen. INTRODUCTIONHalophilic vibrios such as Vibrio harveyi are ubiquitous in the marine environment and are implicated as the causes of several diseases in wild and cultured aquatic organisms. Due to the plasticity of Vibrio genomes, with frequent horizontal gene transfer events, species boundaries are very narrow in the marine environment (Fraser et al., 2007). Hence, the identification of V. harveyi and related species isolated from the marine environment is sometimes difficult. Luminous vibrios including V. harveyi have been implicated principally with disease outbreaks in shrimp larval culture facilities and grow-out ponds worldwide. Due to the high level of phylogenetic similarity among marine vibrios, bacteria associated with disease outbreaks have often been misidentified. For example, although strain LMG 19703 T (or AK1 T ) showed 99.4 % sequence similarity in 16S rRNA with Vibrio mediterranei (ATCC 43341 T ), Kushmaro et al. (2001) initially classified it as a new species, Vibrio shiloi, due to large differences in phenotypic properties. Later, Thompson et al. (2001), on the basis of genotypic features such as fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism and DNA-DNA hybridization, as Abbreviations: ASW, artificial seawater; DOC, days of culture; DTAF, 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazin-2-yl)aminofluorescein; NJ, neighbour joining. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the se...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Vibrio campbellii isolated from diseased farm-shrimps from south India and establishment of its pathogenic potential in an Artemia model

et al. 2011

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“…The resistance against b-lactam antibiotics might be due to the natural occurrence of b-lactamases in V. harveyi strains (Teo et al, 2002). This work found that Vh CAIM 1792 was also resistant to OTC such as most of V. harveyi strains isolated from diseased shrimp Chanratchakool et al, 1995;Soto-Rodriguez et al, 2006;Manilal et al, 2010). The MIC for OTC against Vibrio sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Virulence of Vibrio harveyi responsible for the “Bright-red” Syndrome in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Soto-Rodríguez

Gómez‐Gil

Lozano

et al. 2012

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology

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“…Many studies have previously demonstrated experimental infections of aquatic animals: shrimp (Roque et al 1998, Soto-Rodríguez et al 2006, fish (Bergh et al 1997, Itano et al 2006) and molluscs (Sainz et al 1998, Estes et al 2004, Gay et al 2004. Currently, there is a lack of literature on infection models under hatchery conditions, although Planas et al (2005) developed an infection model under hatchery conditions where static water rather than flow-through systems prevailed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenge of New Zealand Greenshell™ mussel Perna canaliculus larvae using two Vibrio pathogens: a hatchery study

et al. 2009

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Bacterial diseases remain a large problem in aquaculture hatcheries. The successful design and implementation of protective measures in the hatchery depends on an understanding of the dynamics of the infection process. Developing an in situ experimental protocol for pathogen challenge is therefore of paramount importance. Here, we demonstrated the minimum effective pathogenic dose (MEPD) of Vibrio splendidus (10 5 CFU ml -1) and a Vibrio coralliilyticus/neptunius-like isolate, Vibrio sp. DO1 (10 6 CFU ml -1), for New Zealand Greenshell™ mussel (GSM, Perna canaliculus) larvae during hatchery production. In a flow-through water hatchery system, larvae given 1 to 2 h of static water exposure to these pathogen doses showed respective average cumulative mortalities of 58 and 69% on the fourth day following pathogen exposure. After the 1 to 2 h static exposure, larvae were returned to flow-through water. Larvae exposed to a dosage one order of magnitude greater than the MEPD had higher mortalities of 73 and 96% for V. splendidus and Vibrio sp. DO1 respectively. These 4 levels of mortality were significantly greater than those of the non-exposed control larvae which respectively averaged 23 and 35% in experiments involving V. splendidus and Vibrio sp. DO1. Experiments were repeated 4 times to confirm reproducibility. After pathogen exposure, pathogens were detected in the larvae and tank water of treatments with dosages of ≥10 5 CFU ml -1 (V. splendidus) and 10 6 CFU ml -1 (Vibrio sp. DO1), but not in treatments with lower pathogen dosages. The challenge protocols are reproducible and provide an opportunity to assess measures for the protection of GSM larvae against infection in the hatchery environment. KEY WORDS: Vibriosis · Challenge protocol · Greenshell™ mussel · Larviculture Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 86: [15][16][17][18][19][20] 2009 vided and a milieu of ambient microflora is present. In order to understand the dynamics and facilitate effective management of microbial infections occurring at a hatchery facility, it is necessary to have an understanding of the conditions that initiate infection.Many studies have previously demonstrated experimental infections of aquatic animals: shrimp (Roque et al. 1998, Soto-Rodríguez et al. 2006, fish (Bergh et al. 1997, Itano et al. 2006) and molluscs (Sainz et al. 1998, Estes et al. 2004, Gay et al. 2004. Currently, there is a lack of literature on infection models under hatchery conditions, although Planas et al. (2005) developed an infection model under hatchery conditions where static water rather than flow-through systems prevailed. Likewise, there are few reports on infection models in flow-through water systems. Arkush et al. (2005) described an infection model in white seabass incorporating flow-through water and intraperitoneal injection of the pathogen; however, this method of administration is not possible with GSM larvae. Additionally, both Nordmo et al. (1997) and Itano et al. (2006) u...

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Pathogenicity and colonization of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae by luminescent vibrios

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

Identification of Vibrio campbellii isolated from diseased farm-shrimps from south India and establishment of its pathogenic potential in an Artemia model

Identification of Vibrio campbellii isolated from diseased farm-shrimps from south India and establishment of its pathogenic potential in an Artemia model

Virulence of Vibrio harveyi responsible for the “Bright-red” Syndrome in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Challenge of New Zealand Greenshell™ mussel Perna canaliculus larvae using two Vibrio pathogens: a hatchery study

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