Pathogenetic mechanisms of damage to the cardiovascular system in new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)

Abstract

Objective of the study: to analyze and systematize the results of fundamental and clinical studies of recent years devoted to the study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of myocardial and coronary artery damage in patients who have undergone a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Materials and methods. The search for scientific information was carried out in domestic (E-Library) and foreign databases (PubMed, Scopus, Oxford University Press, Springer, Web of Science Core Collection). Results. It has been shown that the variety of cardiovascular system pathologies after a coronavirus infection is quite wide: heart failure, arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, coronary heart disease, coronary microvascular dysfunction with coronary insufficiency, formation of coronary artery and aortic aneurysms, hypertension, labile heart rate and BP response to physical activity, acceleration of atherogenesis processes, venous and arterial thromboembolism. Cardiovascular pathology can develop both in patients after severe and moderate COVID-19, and in oligosymptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Patients with emerging cardiovascular pathology in the acute period of coronavirus infection, as a rule, are under observation and in this situation changes in therapeutic strategies occur faster. Patients with newly diagnosed cardiovascular pathology after suffering COVID-19 need special attention and timely assessment to exclude or confirm cardiovascular complications. Conclusion. The presented data suggest that the tactics and strategy for the management of cardiovascular diseases in the post-covid period should be based on the timely and modern diagnosis of the onset or decompensation of cardiovascular pathology, competent, in accordance with current recommendations management of cardiovascular pathology with emphasis on the use of therapeutic interventions affecting the pathophysiological mechanisms of long covid.