Pathogenesis of bovine brucellosis

Neta, Alcina V. Carvalho; Mol, Juliana Pinto da Silva; Xavier, Mariana N.; Paixão, Tatiane Alves da; Lage, Andrey Pereira; Santos, Renato L.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.04.010

Cited by 224 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…The finding of a relationship between pregnancy and Brucella antibody in Australian fur seals is not consistent with findings in many terrestrial species in which antibody-positive individuals have a higher rate of infertility (Glynn and Lynn, 2008;Rhyan et al, 2009;Neta et al 2010). Infertility in terrestrial species is due to chronic infection with Brucella, and presence of antibody is positively correlated with the likelihood of isolating the pathogen (Roffe et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Our finding of inflammatory lesions in fetal tissues suggests that infectious agents are likely involved in some instances of gestational failure. Suppurative lesions consistent with Brucella or other bacterial infection (Anderson et al, 1986;Neta et al, 2010) were seen in four individuals: one fetus had placentitis, two had pericarditis, and the fourth had lymphadenitis. However, the diffuse, interstitial pneumonia with a mononuclear infiltrate seen in six individuals is not typical for Brucella, for which suppurative pleuritis and bronchointerstitial pneumonia are expected to be the predominant lesions (Neta et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epizootiology of Brucella Infection in Australian Fur Seals

Lynch

Duignan

Taylor

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Novel members of the bacterial genus Brucella have recently emerged as pathogens of various marine mammal species and as potential zoonotic agents. We investigated the epizootiology of Brucella infection in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) by establishing demographic and temporal variations in antibody prevalence, attempting isolation of the causative agent, and determining whether this potential pathogen is involved in frequent abortions observed in this pinniped species. Two competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (cELISAs), an indirect ELISA, and a fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) were used to test sera for Brucella antibodies. The FPA and cELISA proved suitable for use in this species. Significant differences in antibody prevalence were found between age classes of seals sampled between 2007 and 2009 at one colony. Pups sampled at this site (n5134) were negative for Brucella antibodies by all serologic tests but 17 of 45 (38%) of juveniles were antibody-positive. Antibody prevalence in adult females was significantly higher than in juveniles (P50.044). . Inflammatory lesions suggestive of infectious agents were found in 14 of 39 aborted Australian fur seal pups, but pathologic changes were not uniformly consistent for Brucella infection. Culture and PCR investigations on fetal tissues were negative for Brucella. Culture and PCR on selected fresh or frozen tissues from 36 juvenile and adult animals were also negative. We suspect that the prevalence of active infection with Brucella in Australian fur seals is low relative to antibody prevalence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epizootiology of Brucella Infection in Australian Fur Seals

Lynch

Duignan

Taylor

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…The new focus of infection is invasion of the chorionic villi, extending into the cotyledons on the fetal side of the placenta [59,60]. There, bacterium can replicate to a very high level (10 13 bacteria/gram of tissue) and induce infiltration of inflammatory cells, necrosis of trophoblast, and lead to vasculitis [61,62]. This ultimately leads to compromised fetal-maternal metabolic exchanges, resulting in fetal loss [59].…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Clinical Presentation In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of brucellosis between human and veterinary medicine

Hull

Schumaker

2018

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

146

129

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Brucellosis is the world’s most widespread zoonosis, but also ranks as one of the seven most neglected diseases, according to the World Health Organization. Additionally, it is recognized as the world’s most common laboratory-acquired infection. There are a reported 500,000 incident cases of human brucellosis per year. However, true incidence is estimated to be 5,000,000 to 12,500,000 cases annually. Once diagnosed, focus is directed at treating individual patients with antibiotic regimes, yet overall neglecting the animal reservoir of disease. Countries with the highest incidence of human brucellosis are Syria (1,603.4 cases per 1,000,000 individuals), Mongolia (391.0), and Tajikistan (211.9). Surveillance on animal populations is lacking in many developed and developing countries. According to the World Animal Health Information Database, Mexico had the largest number of reported outbreaks, 5,514 in 2014. Mexico is followed by China (2,138), Greece (1,268), and Brazil (1,142). The majority of these outbreaks is Brucella abortus, the etiologic agent of bovine brucellosis. Brucellosis is an ancient disease that still plagues the world. There are still knowledge gaps and a need for better diagnostics and vaccines to make inroads towards control and eradication.

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“…The cause of brucellosis is Brucella species: intracellular [2], Gram-negative bacteria, which were first isolated by Sir David Bruce (Malta, 1887) from the spleens of soldiers with fatal cases of the disease [1]. There are 10 known Brucella species, based on host specificity: B. melitensis (goats and sheep), B. abortus (cattle), B. suis (swine), B. canis (dogs), B. ovis (sheep and rams), B. neotomae (desert wood rats), B. ceti (cetacean), B. pinnipedia (seal), B. microti (voles), and B. inopinata (unknown) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inside their hosts, Brucella reside within various types of cell, where they establish a replicative niche and remain protected from the immune response of their host [2]. Brucella can be passed on to humans upon direct contact with fluid discharges from an infected animal or by the consumption of dairy products made of unpasteurized milk, mainly goat milk and fresh soft cheese.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic analysis of the original Elberg Brucella melitensis Rev.1 vaccine strain reveals insights into virulence attenuation

2018

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The live attenuated Brucella melitensis Rev.1 Elberg-originated vaccine strain has been widely used to control brucellosis in small ruminants. However, despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms underlying the attenuation of this strain are still unknown. In the current study, we conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of the whole-genome sequence of Rev.1 against that of the virulent reference strain, B. melitensis 16M. This analysis revealed five regions of insertion and three regions of deletion within the Rev.1 genome, among which, one large region of insertion, comprising 3,951 bp, was detected in the Rev.1 genome. In addition, we found several missense mutations within important virulence-related genes, which may be used to determine the mechanism underlying virulence attenuation. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the Brucella virulence mechanisms and, therefore, may serve as a basis for the rational design of new Brucella vaccines.

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Pathogenesis of bovine brucellosis

Cited by 224 publications

References 136 publications

Epizootiology of Brucella Infection in Australian Fur Seals

Epizootiology of Brucella Infection in Australian Fur Seals

Comparisons of brucellosis between human and veterinary medicine

Genomic analysis of the original Elberg Brucella melitensis Rev.1 vaccine strain reveals insights into virulence attenuation

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