Pathogen Reduction Technologies

Marschner, Susanne; Dimberg, Lina Y.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813726-0.00048-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In SSA countries, where NAT testing is scarce, a different scenario is observed with unsettling high residual risks for these infections reported that vary from 67 to 250 per 1 million units tested [56]. Concerns remain with emerging pathogens not routinely tested in blood banks that jeopardise the quality of blood [13]. Pathogen inactivation through different PRT in plasma and platelet are already widespread in high-income countries.…”

Section: Hbv: Occult B Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to these molecular tests, approximately two decades ago, pathogen reduction technology (PRT) was introduced in blood banks in a few developed countries, reducing the residual risk of TTI to almost zero by inactivating pathogens. Inactivation is performed through several procedures that treat whole blood, plasma, or platelets with specific products such as detergents, solvents, ultraviolet light, and riboflavin [12,13]. In most SSA countries, TTI screening in blood banks is still conducted using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) [3,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Blood Donors in the Province of Bié, Angola, during a 15-Year Follow-Up, Imply the Need for Pathogen Reduction Technologies

et al. 2021

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Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs), caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunode-ficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis, have a high global impact, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the trend of these infections over time in blood donors in Angola. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among blood donors in Angola from 2005 to 2020. Additionally, frozen samples obtained from blood donors in 2007 were investigated to identify chronic HCV carriers and possible occult HBV infection (OBI). The overall prevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis was 8.5, 3, 2.1, and 4.4%, respectively, among 57,979 blood donors. HBV was predominant among male donors, while the remaining TTIs were predominant among women. Donors >50 years had a significantly high prevalence for all TTIs. Chronic HCV infection was ab-sent in 500 samples tested and OBI was present in 3%. Our results show the continued high prev-alence of TTIs among blood donors in Angola. Most infections showed a significantly low preva-lence in years with campaigns seeking voluntary blood donors, thus, reinforcing the importance of this type of donor to ensure safe blood. Africa, with a high prevalence of diverse pathogens, should consider cost-effective pathogen reduction technologies, once they are commercially accessible, to increase the availability of safe blood.

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Section: Hbv: Occult B Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Blood Donors in the Province of Bié, Angola, during a 15-Year Follow-Up, Imply the Need for Pathogen Reduction Technologies

et al. 2021

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Recent advances in micro-sized oxygen carriers inspired by red blood cells

Zhang

Inagaki

Ito

2023

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Microbial reduction of prebagged human plasma using 405 nm light and its effects on coagulation factors

Stewart,

McGoldrick,

Anderson

et al. 2024

AMB Expr

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Bacterial contamination is the most prevalent infectious complication of blood transfusion in the developed world. To mitigate this, several ultraviolet light-based pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs), some of which require photo-chemicals, have been developed to minimize infection transmission. Relative to UV light, visible 405-nm light is safer and has shown potential to be developed as a PRT for the in situ treatment of ex vivo human plasma and platelet concentrates, without the need for photo-chemicals. This study investigates the effect of 405-nm light on human plasma, with focus on the compatibility of antimicrobial light doses with essential plasma clotting factors. To determine an effective antimicrobial dose that is compatible with plasma, prebagged human plasma (up to 300 mL) was seeded with common microbial contaminants and treated with increasing doses of 405-nm light (16 mW cm−2; ≤ 403 J cm−2). Post-exposure plasma protein integrity was investigated using an AOPP assay, in vitro coagulation tests, and ELISA-based measurement of fibrinogen and Protein S. Microbial contamination in 300 mL prebagged human plasma was significantly reduced (P ≤ 0.05) after exposure to ≤ 288 J cm−2, with microbial loads reduced by > 96.2%. This dose did not significantly affect the plasma protein quality parameters tested (P > 0.05). Increased doses (≥ 345 J cm−2) resulted in a 4.3% increase in clot times with no statistically significant change in protein activity or levels. Overall, this study has demonstrated that the effective microbicidal 405 light dose shows little to no negative effect on plasma quality.

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Pathogen Reduction Technologies

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Blood Donors in the Province of Bié, Angola, during a 15-Year Follow-Up, Imply the Need for Pathogen Reduction Technologies

Transfusion Transmissible Infections in Blood Donors in the Province of Bié, Angola, during a 15-Year Follow-Up, Imply the Need for Pathogen Reduction Technologies

Recent advances in micro-sized oxygen carriers inspired by red blood cells

Microbial reduction of prebagged human plasma using 405 nm light and its effects on coagulation factors

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