Paternal Incarceration: Resilience in Father-Child Relationships

Turney, Kristin; Marín, Estéfani

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87759-0_5

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…These findings suggest that the early childhood period is critically important (Entwisle & Alexander, 1993) and suggest that early life course events can have cascading consequences (Turney, 2022). It may be that young children have particular challenges to maintaining contact (commonly limited to telephone calls and letters) with an incarcerated parent or reestablishing connections after release, both because of their developmental stage and given their dependence on their nonincarcerated caregivers to facilitate relationships with their incarcerated parent (Siegel, 2011; Turney & Marín, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Confinement may facilitate ambiguities in the parental role, as the role of an incarcerated person is not necessarily compatible with the parental role that commonly involves providing emotional, instrumental, and financial support to children (Siegel, 2011). This ambiguity may be exacerbated by structural conditions of confinement, including logistical difficulties associated with communication and the financial cost of maintaining contact (Poehlmann et al, 2010; Turney & Marín, 2022), as well as the economic and relational barriers that impede reentry. These challenges are endured by families experiencing other types of separation—such as military deployment or job migration—but are especially acute due to incarceration.…”

Section: Relationships Between Youth and Incarcerated Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the established complex repercussions of incarceration for relationships between adults, and the possibility that incarceration may alter relationships between parents and children, little is known about these intergenerational relationships during and after incarceration (though see McKay, Comfort, et al, 2018, McKay, Feinberg, et al, 2018; Muentner & Charles, 2022; Siegel, 2011; Turney & Marín, 2022). This is an oversight given the well‐known intergenerational consequences of incarceration for children's well‐being (for reviews, see Murray et al, 2012; Poehlmann‐Tynan & Turney, 2021) and given research that highlights how other forms of family instability—including parental divorce and repartnership—structures relationships between youth and their parents (Amato et al, 2016; King et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness

Turney

2023

J of Marriage and Family

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ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to examine the association between parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness.BackgroundDespite the established complex repercussions of incarceration for relationships between adults, and the well‐known intergenerational consequences of parental incarceration, little is known about how incarceration structures intergenerational relationships between parents and children.MethodsIn this article, I use data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3408), a cohort of children followed over a 15‐year period, to examine how parental incarceration is associated with relationships between youth and their (incarcerated and nonincarcerated) parents.ResultsResults suggest three conclusions. First, parental incarceration is negatively associated with closeness between youth and their incarcerated parents. Second, the timing of first parental incarceration is important. Parental incarceration in early or middle childhood is negatively associated with closeness between youth and their incarcerated parent, and parental incarceration in adolescence is positively associated with closeness between youth and their nonincarcerated parent. Third, relationships between parents themselves explain some of the association between paternal incarceration in early childhood and father–youth closeness.ConclusionTaken together, these findings advance our understanding of both the relational and intergenerational consequences of criminal legal contact and our understanding of the correlates of parent–youth relationships and, in doing so, highlights how family ecological contexts contribute to inequality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationships Between Youth and Incarcerated Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness

Turney

2023

J of Marriage and Family

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“…Family life and imprisonment Imprisonment has been described as a dormant period for fatherhood, with serious constraints on father involvement (Arditti et al, 2005) and negative impacts on the quality of father-child relationships (Turney and Marín, 2022). Fathers in prison consider missing their children as the most severe of all prison-related deprivation strains (Reef and Dirkzwager, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has linked paternal imprisonment to various negative outcomes among children, including emotional problems, behavioural problems, decreased educational performance, and delinquency (for recent overviews of the literature, see Arditti and Johnson, 2022; Lee and Wildeman, 2021; Poehlmann-Tynan and Turney, 2021). Paternal imprisonment has further been linked to decreased family relationships and parenting quality (Dennison et al, 2017; Turney and Marín, 2022; Turney and Wildeman, 2013). Various programmes have been implemented in prisons to strengthen relationships between imprisoned parents and their children and to support positive parenting behaviours.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of fatherhood in prison: A thematic analysis of differences between fathers in a family approach programme and a comparison group

Venema,

Glasbergen,

Haan

et al. 2024

European Journal of Criminology

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Various programmes have been implemented in prisons to strengthen parental involvement and parent–child relationships during imprisonment. In-depth insights into such programmes are limited. This qualitative study compared the experiences of two groups of imprisoned fathers in the Netherlands: fathers who participated in a family approach programme ( N = 10) and fathers in a comparison group ( N = 29). Based on a thematic analysis, four key differences were identified between the family approach group and the comparison group. Fathers in the family approach group: (1) described more positive engagement activities in direct father–child interactions, (2) reflected more positively on their fathering role during imprisonment, (3) structurally included participation in the family approach programme in their narratives of how imprisonment affected father–child relationship quality, and (4) more often expressed feelings of uncertainty and caution when discussing family life after imprisonment. The findings of this study are informative for the mechanisms behind prison-based parenting and family relationship programmes and illustrate the potential of these programmes to alleviate the unintended negative impact of imprisonment on parental involvement and family relationships. Based on these findings, recommendations for further research and practice are provided.

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Paternal Incarceration, Family Relationships, and Adolescents’ Internalizing and Externalizing Problem Behaviors

Venema,

Haan,

Blaauw

et al. 2024

J Dev Life Course Criminology

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Little is known about the conditions under which paternal incarceration is harmful to children and the mechanisms that explain this. This study addressed the family relationship context in the associations between paternal incarceration and adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a moderated mediation model was specified where paternal incarceration predicted adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors through family relationship quality, and where the mediating role of family relationship quality was moderated by pre-incarceration family relationship characteristics. Using latent profile analyses, three pre-incarceration family clusters were identified (“Cohesive”; “Fragmented”; “Disharmonious”). Analyses indicated that the association between paternal incarceration and family relationship quality differed across pre-incarceration family clusters and that decreased father-mother relationship quality mediated the negative association between paternal incarceration and adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors among “Cohesive” and “Fragmented”, but not among “Disharmonious” family clusters. The findings suggest that adolescents with more harmonious pre-incarceration family relationships are most vulnerable to the negative consequences of paternal incarceration. The study demonstrates the need to consider the family relationship context to understand the intergenerational consequences of incarceration.

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Paternal Incarceration: Resilience in Father-Child Relationships

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness

Parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness

Experiences of fatherhood in prison: A thematic analysis of differences between fathers in a family approach programme and a comparison group

Paternal Incarceration, Family Relationships, and Adolescents’ Internalizing and Externalizing Problem Behaviors

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