Patenting and Licensing of University-Based Genetic Inventions – A View from Experience at Stanford University’s Office of Technology Licensing

Leute, Kirsten

doi:10.1159/000087958

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…They take care of the patenting process and the subsequent out‐licensing or transfer of these patents to industrial parties, involving a monetary return in the form of royalties, milestone payments, and/or shares in spin‐off companies 31–33 . In the sporadic case that an academic invention leads to a successful product, these returns can be substantial for universities and researchers 34 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31][32][33] In the sporadic case that an academic invention leads to a successful product, these returns can be substantial for universities and researchers. 34 Besides, KTOs may support academic institutions in starting spin-off companies to further their inventions with private investments. 35 Starting a spin-off may seem logical, but comes with the risk of losing control over pricing and access due to the company's high cost of capital and commercial interests of its shareholder.…”

Section: The Traditional Role Of Academics In Medicine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of medicines for rare diseases and inborn errors of metabolism: Toward novel public–private partnerships

Rosenberg

Stolwijk

Berg

et al. 2023

J of Inher Metab Disea

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Medicine development for rare diseases, including inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) is challenging. Many academic innovations fail to reach the patient, either by stranding in the translational stage or due to suboptimal patient access related to pricing or uncertain effectiveness. Expanding and solidifying the role of the academic in public–private partnerships (PPPs) may present an innovative solution to help overcome these complexities. This narrative review explores the literature on traditional and novel collaborative approaches to medicine development for rare diseases and analyzes examples of PPPs, with a specific focus on IEMs. Several academic institutions have introduced guidelines for socially responsible licensing of innovations for private development. The PPP model offers a more integrative approach toward academic involvement of medicine development. By sharing risks and rewards, failures in the translational stage can be mutually absorbed. If socially responsible terms are not included, however, high pricing can impede patient access. Therefore, we propose a framework for socially responsible PPPs aimed at medicine development for metabolic disorders. This socially responsible PPP framework could stimulate successful and accessible medicine development for IEMs as well as other rare diseases if the establishment of such collaborations includes terms securing joint data ownership and evidence generation, fast access, and socially responsible pricing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Traditional Role Of Academics In Medicine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of medicines for rare diseases and inborn errors of metabolism: Toward novel public–private partnerships

Rosenberg

Stolwijk

Berg

et al. 2023

J of Inher Metab Disea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The United States is the first country to implement the IP strategy. At present, common IP operating strategies include the following: (1) inner administrative organization, such as Stanford University's Office of Technology Licensing (OTL) (Leute, 2005); (2) external administrative organization, such as Wisconsin University's Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF) (Golden, 2010); and (3) outsourcing to professional organizations, such as the College Licensing Corporation (CLC) (Qiu et al, 2011). All these operating strategies have effectively improved the IP transfer rate in universities, increased the innovation enthusiasm of university researchers and promoted the technological innovation competitiveness of the whole country.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

University libraries provide intellectual property information service in China: theoretical framework and system development

Ran

Song

Yang

2021

JIUC

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PurposeThere is no proposed solution to address the unresolved issues of constructing the Chinese university intellectual property information service system (IPISS) to promote the whole process service efficiency of IP creation, utilization, protection and management. The purpose of this paper is to propose a complete system, including theoretical framework and system development which addresses the existing difficulties to IP create, protect and transfer for researchers in universities. The paper shares the practice of utilizing the system developed by Wuhan University IP research team known as Wuhan University Intellectual Property Information Service System (WHU-IPISS).Design/methodology/approachFirst, the IPISS of 23 universities in China was investigated on the internet. Aiming at the deficiencies of the system, such as single service type, lack of patent display window, low management efficiency. This paper constructs the theoretical framework, proposes the IP ecological chain model, divides it into four sub-chains and carries on the functional design. Further, under the theoretical framework, the IPISS was developed, including the resource supply management system, user demand matching system, resource assessment system and expert support system. Finally, the system was applied to Wuhan University to provide IP services in the whole process for university researchers.FindingsWHU-IPISS realizes the functions of IP resource supply, demand matching, value evaluation and expert support. It solves the IP needs of university researchers and provides a guarantee for their technology research, patent portfolio, patent transfer and patent rights protection. It also improves the efficiency of IP service and can construct the IP ecosphere in universities.Originality/valueThe WHU-IPISS solution resolves issues of “How to develop the university IP whole process service model, fulfilling the IP service needs for universities' researchers”. The software will be released as open-source for other universities' use. The publishing model is also useful for those universities that intend to implement the IPISS.

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“…When it comes to performances of university research commercialization, the USA is generally regarded as a role model. For instance, Stanford's Cohen‐Boyer recombinant DNA cloning technology generated “over US$ 50 million in cumulative income” (Leute, 2005, p. 221), which is widely regarded as an exemplary case in commercializing university research. However, other scholars present different voices.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

From knowledge to product

Li¹,

Morgan

2010

Journal of Science and Technology Policy in China

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between institutional change and commercialization of university research in China, the largest developing country during 1985‐2007 period.Design/methodology/approachThe findings are based on a comparative case study of two key Chinese universities. Both unstructured and semi‐interviews are utilized for the research.FindingsThere is still a gap between goals of institutional change and performances of commercializing university research, albeit improvements have also been observed over last two decades.Research limitations/implicationsOnly two universities are selected to approach the complex commercialization process, more cases are needed for further research.Practical implicationsExperience generated from this comparative study might be helpful for other developing countries to explore the appropriate paths to commercialize their research results.Originality/valueThree modes of commercialization proposed in the paper might help for cross‐country comparison research.

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Patenting and Licensing of University-Based Genetic Inventions – A View from Experience at Stanford University’s Office of Technology Licensing

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Development of medicines for rare diseases and inborn errors of metabolism: Toward novel public–private partnerships

Development of medicines for rare diseases and inborn errors of metabolism: Toward novel public–private partnerships

University libraries provide intellectual property information service in China: theoretical framework and system development

From knowledge to product

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