Pasture recovery using Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande: effect on soil quality

Abstract

The objective of this study was to study the physical attributes and the organic matter of a Red-Yellow Oxisol cultivated with Urochloa decumbens pasture in recovery with different introducing ways of Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande. The experiment was conducted at the Agency for Agribusiness Technology of São Paulo (APTA), in the municipality of Andradina/ SP, between October 2016 and September 2017. The experimental design was the randomized complete block design with four replicates and the treatments were composed of six strategies (partial desiccation, total desiccation, scarification, "rome" harrowing and plowing + harrowing.) in the no-tillage legume in the pasture, in addition to the control. Stability of aggregates, flocculation, soil porosity, organic matter and soil texture were evaluated in three layers: 0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m. Soil organic matter content was higher in the topsoil layers (from 15.75 to 17.75 mg dm -3 ) and decreased with depth (from 10.50 to 11.50 mg dm -3 ). The indicated macroporosity was below the value considered ideal for the plants development. Studied treatments did not influence the organic matter content, porosity and soil density. Soil quality was influenced up to 0.20 m with the introduction of stylosanthes, regardless of the adopted management.Recuperação de pastagem utilizando Estilosantes cv. Campo Grande: efeito na qualidade do solo RESUMO: Objetivou-se estudar atributos físicos e a matéria orgânica de um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo cultivado com pastagem de Urochloa decumbens em recuperação com diferentes formas de introdução de estilosantes cv. Campo Grande. O experimento foi realizado na Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA), no município de Andradina/SP, entre outubro de 2016 e setembro de 2017. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e os tratamentos foram compostos por seis estratégias (dessecação parcial, dessecação total, escarificação, gradagem rome e aração +gradagem) em plantio direto da leguminosa na pastagem, além da testemunha. Foram avaliados a estabilidade de agregados, floculação, porosidade, matéria orgânica e textura do solo, em três camadas: 0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e de 0,20-0,40 m. O teor de matéria orgânica no solo foi superior nas camadas superficiais (15,75 a 17,75 mg dm -3 ) e diminuiu em profundidade (10,50 a 11,50 mg dm -3 ). A macroporosidade indicada ficou abaixo do valor considerado ideal para o desenvolvimento das plantas. Os tratamentos estudados não influenciaram o teor de matéria orgânica, a porosidade e densidade do solo. A qualidade do solo foi influenciada até 0,20 m com a introdução do estilosantes, independente do manejo adotado. Palavras-chave: área degradada; matéria orgânica; atributos físicosPasture recovery using Stylosanthes cv. Campo Grande: effect on soil quality Rev. Bras.

Growth ofCampomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg, native to Brazilian Cerrado, with green manure in agroecological system contributes to the preservation of the species

“…C. adamantium plants growth was greater when cultivated with S. macrocephala and C. mucunoides (Table 8), because of the adaptation of these green manures to Cerrado soils with rapid nutrient release (CALHEIROS et al, 2013;BISI et al, 2019). Then, S. macrocephala plants become an alternative for improving soil structure and decompression, owing to the vigorous growth and deep root system, up to 1.5 m depth (LIMA FILHO et al, 2014).…”

“…This result is owing to the accumulation of mass in the leaves that transport metabolic energy to the stem (TAIZ et al, 2017). In turn, the potential of green manures for maintaining soil cover with moisture retention and soil temperature reduction (Figure 4B) (SILVA et al, 2017;BISI et al, 2019) shows the beneficial effect of C. mucunoides and S. macrocephala over time for the production of C. adamantium in the agroecological system.…”

“…The response groups in the principal component analysis including the characteristics of the green manures C. mucunoides, S. macrocephala and P. phaseoloides (Figure 5) resulted from the greater mass production that influenced the chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil (BISI et al, 2019). Nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium became available to plants of C. adamantium and, consequently, there was a greater growth and leaf yield (EMER et al, 2020).…”