Past, present and future of hepatitis E virus infection: Zoonotic perspectives

Syed, Shahid Faraz; Zhao, Qin; Umer, Muhammad; Alagawany, Mahmoud; Ujjan, Imtiaz Ahmed; Soomro, Feroza; Bangulzai, Nasrullah; Baloch, Abdul Hameed; El‐Hack, Mohamed E. Abd; Arain, Muhammad Asif

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.03.051

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Hepatitis E is a zoonotic disease caused by HEV, a single-stranded RNA virus of the Hepeviridae family (Aprea et al, 2018, Syed et al, 2018. This species currently includes seven genotypes, HEV1-7, of which HEV1-4 have been identified in humans.…”

Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HEV causes acute hepatitis, which is typically self-limiting, but can sometimes lead to chronic infection and hepatic failure (Pavio et al, 2017). Hepatitis E is an important human disease in developing countries, but is also considered an emerging disease in many industrial countries (Clemente-Casares et al, 2016, Spahr et al, 2018, Syed et al, 2018.…”

Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also other pathogenic bacteria such as Campylobacter, Listeria monocytogenes and shigatoxin-producing Escherichia coli, which may be transmitted through contaminated meat (Ruiz-Fons, 2017). Several zoonotic viruses have been detected in domestic pigs and wild boars, but only hepatitis E virus (HEV) is transmitted through contaminated pork (Ruiz-Fons, 2017, Syed et al, 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wild Boar: A Reservoir of Foodborne Zoonoses

Fredriksson-Ahomaa

2019

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Wild boar populations around the world have increased dramatically over past decades. Climate change, generating milder winters with less snow, may affect their spread into northern regions. Wild boars can serve as reservoirs for a number of bacteria, viruses, and parasites, which are transmissible to humans and domestic animals through direct interaction with wild boars, through contaminated food or indirectly through contaminated environment. Disease transmission between wild boars, domestic animals, and humans is an increasing threat to human and animal health, especially in areas with high wild boar densities. This article reviews important foodborne zoonoses including bacterial diseases (brucellosis, salmonellosis, tuberculosis, and yersiniosis), parasitic diseases (toxoplasmosis and trichinellosis), and the viral hepatitis E. The focus is on the prevalence of these diseases and the causative microbes in wild boars. The role of wild boars in transmitting these pathogens to humans and livestock will also be briefly discussed.

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Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hepatitis E Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wild Boar: A Reservoir of Foodborne Zoonoses

Fredriksson-Ahomaa

2019

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…Among the 7 genotypes, HEV-1 and HEV-2 can only infect people and the infection route is mainly associated with drinking water contaminated by HEV (Purcell and Emerson, 2008;Pérez-Gracia et al, 2014;King et al, 2018). In comparison, HEV-3 and HEV-4, recognised as zoonotic pathogens (Meng, 2010a(Meng, , 2011, not only infect people but can also infect many animal species, such as pigs, rabbits and deer, and the main infection route may be related with HEV-contaminated animal meats or internal organs (Tei et al, 2003;Yazaki et al, 2003;Zhao et al, 2009;Meng, 2010b;Pavio et al, 2015;Li et al, 2017). Wild boars have become an important reservoir for HEV-5 and HEV-6; HEV-7 has been isolated from camels, and has the potential to infect people (Woo et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2016;Sridhar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an endemic country for hepatitis E (Syed et al, 2018), many epidemiological investigations into anti-HEV antibody in various animal species have been carried out in China, including pigs, deer, chickens, goats, ferrets, minks and cows (Zheng et al, 2006;Geng et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2015;Huang et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017;Shuai et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018). However, to our best knowledge, relatively little information about genetic variability of HEV isolated in farmed rabbits has been reported in China to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular features of hepatitis E virus from farmed rabbits in Shandong province, China

2018

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<p>This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic variability of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from farmed rabbits in Shandong province, China. A total of 50 fresh faecal samples from 5 rabbit farms were collected and subjected to reverse transcription and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR) for a fragment sequence of HEV capsid gene. The results demonstrated that HEV RNA was observed in 6 faecal samples (6/50, 12.0%). In addition, the result of phylogenetic analysis showed that the 6 HEV isolates were classified into HEV-3 genotype with other rabbit HEV isolates from other countries, and shared 85.2-87.2%, 81.5-83.1%, and 77.0-78.6% nucleotide similarities with rabbit HEV isolates from Korea, the United States and France, respectively. To sum up, the HEV isolated in this study from farmed rabbits belongs to the HEV-3 genotype, and the zoonotic ability and pathogenesis of the rabbit HEV merit further study due to the fact that HEV-3 genotype has the potential to trigger zoonotic infections.</p>

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