Passive Transfer of Experimental Autoimmune Labyrinthitis

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to establish an animal model of autoimmune labyrinthitis using heterologous inner ear antigen (IEAg) and to elucidate whether the experimentally induced labyrinthitis could be passively transferred. Cochlear and vestibular membranous labyrinthine tissues from bovine temporal bones were used as IEAg. Donor mice were inoculated intracutaneously at multiple sites with an emulsion consisting of equal parts of IEAg and complete Freund’s adjuvant. After 10 days, mononuclear cells were collected from lymph nodes, spleen and blood of the donor mice and injected intravenously into naive recipient mice. Cellular infiltration was observed in the perilymphatic space of the cochlea of all donor and recipient mice. Endolymphatic hydrops was also observed in 63% of donor and 42% of recipient mice. These findings suggest that the experimentally induced labyrinthitis observed in this animal model was probably due to an autoimmune reaction to the IEAg and was passively transferred by a cell-mediated immune raction.

Th1 Th2, Tc1 Tc2 cells of patients with otolaryngological diseases

“…These mediators can flow longitudinally into the endolymphatic sac in maintaining homeostasis of the inner ear. 27,28 Furthermore, by studying the human temporal bone, similar findings of focal infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the tympanic lamellae have been observed. 29 These findings are both experimental and clinical evidence for the understanding of acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL) and Meniere's disease as cellular-mediated immune diseases of the inner ear.…”

“…Ikezono et al . 27 have speculated that the infiltrating cells in a labyrinth may produce various inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines and eicosanoids. These mediators can flow longitudinally into the endolymphatic sac in maintaining homeostasis of the inner ear.…”

Immune-mediated inner-ear disorders in neuro-otology

“…Antibodies against various proteins have been shown and inner-ear autoimmune models have suggested an immune complex or IgG-mediated pathogenesis [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]17 ]. In addition, autoimmune SNHL has been passively transferred in animal models by T-cell transfer, supporting a cellmediated immune response [18,19].…”

Doença de Ménière em criança

“…O diagnóstico é feito pela história e confirmado pelos exames complementares 6 . A alteração audiométrica já foi relatada e os testes supraliminares determinam recrutamento de Metz e ausência de reflexo estapédico em uma disacusia de condução 4 . No teste do glicerol, o paciente ingere o agente desidratante e ocorre o conseqüente incremento na audição confirmado pela audiometria limiar tonal 2,6 .…”

“…Os procedimentos ablativos incluem a labirintectomia, a secção do nervo vestibular, perfusão labiríntica com estreptomicina ou mesmo a instilação no ouvido médio de gentamicina ou estreptomicina 9 . O diagnóstico diferencial com neurinoma do acústico deve sempre ser aventado além de neuronite vestibular, vertigem posicional paroxística benigna e síndrome de Lermoyez 4 .…”