Passive Learning From Television

Abstract

Learning is generally conceived as active and purposive behavior, involv. ing motivation, practice, achievement. Here, the authors focus on "passive" learning, on what is "caught" rather than "taught," and on the processes by which such learning may take place. Passive learning is typically effortless, responsive to animated stimuli, amenable to artificial aid to relaxation, and characterized bv an absence of resistance to what is learned, thus opening up possibilities that, depending on one's point of view, one may welcome or deplore .

Television Channel Content Profiles and Differential Knowledge Growth: A Test of the Inadvertent Learning Hypothesis Using Panel Data

“…Furthermore, these public service effects proved robust across different panel specifications. Thus, these findings support the notion of inadvertent exposure and passive, or incidental, learning from public service television (Krugman & Hartley, 1970;Prior, 2007;Schoenbach & Lauf, 2002;Zukin & Snyder, 1984). While motivated viewers do learn from public service television, those who gain most from these channels tend to be less interested in politics and therefore not very likely to engage in active forms of information processing.…”

“…First, from a theoretical perspective, the results from the longitudinal analysis presented here lend relatively strong empirical support to theories of passive or inadvertent forms of learning (i.e., information acquisition taking place in the absence of interest and motivation; Krugman & Hartley, 1970;Zukin & Snyder, 1984). Given the presence of extensive learning opportunities provided by the political information environment (Delli Carpini, Keeter & Kennamer, 1994;Esser et al, 2012;Jerit et al, 2006), viewers seem to pick up political and current affairs information simply from being frequently exposed to such content.…”

An Activity System As A Behavioristic Framework For The Elaboration Of Promotion Techniques

“…Learning theories seems that have gained the appropriate focus in the promotion management literature since the ‗60s [see relative theoretical and empirical works of Krugman (1962aKrugman ( , 1962b, Kangun (1968), Krugman & Hartley (1970), Rothschild, 1981 McGregor (2009), in totally accordance with previous research works (in the promotion management and consumer behavior literature); argue that learning theories can provide assumptions also applied to consumer behavior analysis. Quite recently, activity theory seems to gain some focus by marketing Activity theory (a fundamental theory of psychology literature) is an emerging multidisciplinary theory and international community of scientific thought united by the central category of activity -a community reaching far beyond the original background (Coen, 1998).…”

The effect of varying educational intervention on consumers’ understanding and attitude toward sustainability and process-related labels found on chicken meat products

“…Passive learning involves knowledge acquisition via didactic teaching characterized by absence of resistance to what is learned (Haidet et al, 2004;Krugman & Hartley, 1970). For example, learners can obtain information by reading educational materials.…”