Parvovirus B19 Infection in Pregnancy

Eis‐Hübinger, Anna Maria; Dieck, Dorothea; Schild, R. L.; Hansmann, M.; Schneweis, K. E.

doi:10.1159/000024933

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The incidence of primary B19 infection during pregnancy has been estimated at 1 to 5% (47,123,163), and the subsequent transplacental transmission is 24 to 33% (3,90,261,367). The risk of developing hydrops following this infection is reportedly varied (0 to 24%) (3,91,97,102,117,270,296), but according to recent studies the rate is probably quite low (1 to 1.6%) (123,195,299).…”

Section: B19 Infection In Pregnancy (I) Hydrops Fetalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus B19

2002

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Parvovirus B19 (B19) was discovered in 1974 and is the only member of the family Parvoviridae known to be pathogenic in humans. Despite the inability to propagate the virus in cell cultures, much has been learned about the pathophysiology of this virus, including the identification of the cellular receptor (P antigen), and the control of the virus by the immune system. B19 is widespread, and manifestations of infection vary with the immunologic and hematologic status of the host. In healthy immunocompetent individuals B19 is the cause of erythema infectiosum and, particularly in adults, acute symmetric polyarthropathy. Due to the tropism of B19 to erythroid progenitor cells, infection in individuals with an underlying hemolytic disorder causes transient aplastic crisis. In the immunocompromised host persistent B19 infection is manifested as pure red cell aplasia and chronic anemia. Likewise, the immature immune response of the fetus may render it susceptible to infection, leading to fetal death in utero, hydrops fetalis, or development of congenital anemia. B19 has also been suggested as the causative agent in a variety of clinical syndromes, but given the common nature, causality is often difficult to infer. Diagnosis is primarily based on detection of specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or detection of viral DNA by dot blot hybridization or PCR. Treatment of persistent infection with immunoglobulin reduces the viral load and results in a marked resolution of anemia. Vaccine phase I trials show promising results

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Section: B19 Infection In Pregnancy (I) Hydrops Fetalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus B19

2002

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“…Until the identification of HBoV, human parvovirus B19 (B19V) (subfamily Parvovirinae, genus Erythrovirus) had been the only human pathogen in the family. B19V is the causative agent of fifth disease, hydrops fetalis (53), and aplastic anemia, in particular in patients with preexisting hematopoietic disease (20,21,23,30,42,76). HBoV was classified as a bocavirus based on genomic structure and amino acid sequence similarity shared with the namesake members of the genus, bovine parvovirus (13) and canine minute virus (9,65).…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Bocavirus: Passenger or Pathogen in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections?

et al. 2008

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SUMMARY Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified virus tentatively assigned to the family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae, genus Bocavirus. HBoV was first described in 2005 and has since been detected in respiratory tract secretions worldwide. Herein we review the literature on HBoV and discuss the biology and potential clinical impact of this virus. Most studies have been PCR based and performed on patients with acute respiratory symptoms, from whom HBoV was detected in 2 to 19% of the samples. HBoV-positive samples have been derived mainly from infants and young children. HBoV DNA has also been detected in the blood of patients with respiratory tract infection and in fecal samples of patients with diarrhea with or without concomitant respiratory symptoms. A characteristic feature of HBoV studies is the high frequency of coinciding detections, or codetections, with other viruses. Available data nevertheless indicate a statistical association between HBoV and acute respiratory tract disease. We present a model incorporating these somewhat contradictory findings and suggest that primary HBoV infection causes respiratory tract symptoms which can be followed by prolonged low-level virus shedding in the respiratory tract. Detection of the virus in this phase will be facilitated by other infections, either simply via increased sample cell count or via reactivation of HBoV, leading to an increased detection frequency of HBoV during other virus infections. We conclude that the majority of available HBoV studies are limited by the sole use of PCR diagnostics on respiratory tract secretions, addressing virus prevalence but not disease association. The ability to detect primary infection through the development of improved diagnostic methods will be of great importance for future studies seeking to assign a role for HBoV in causing respiratory illnesses.

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“…Termination of pregnancy is not indicated because there is no increase in the incidence of congenital malformations associated with acute infection 19,35,36 . If the pregnant woman tests positive for parvovirus B-19, she should be informed of the possible outcomes.…”

Section: Management/treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parvovirus B‐19 Infection During Pregnancy

Al-Khan

Caligiuri

Apuzzio

2003

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The development of an acute parvovirus B-19 infection during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications ranging from early pregnancy loss to nonimmune hydrops. There is no treatment, but preventive measures can be used to decrease perinatal mortality. The diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical suspicion and serology. If the fetus exhibits hydrops in the latter part of pregnancy, the main treatment options include either correcting the associated anemia with intrauterine blood transfusion or birth with extrauterine management. Although the serious problems associated with this virus during pregnancy are uncommon, they can be fatal. In view of this, a pregnant woman who is antibody negative should try to avoid contact with large groups of young children in order to decrease contact with potential vectors.

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Parvovirus B19 Infection in Pregnancy

Cited by 31 publications

References 60 publications

Human Parvovirus B19

Human Parvovirus B19

Human Bocavirus: Passenger or Pathogen in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections?

Parvovirus B‐19 Infection During Pregnancy

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