Parvovirus B19 for the hematologist

Harris, J. W.

doi:10.1002/ajh.2830390209

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 144 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In cases of transient aplastic crisis caused by B19, prognosis is excellent once a satisfactory hemoglobin concentration is obtained by erythrocyte transfusion (124). B19 infection in pregnant seronegative women should be monitored by weekly ultrasound examinations, and cordocentesis and intrauterine transfusions are effective in lowering the mortality in cases of hydrops fetalis (292).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditions associated with decreased red cell production, thereby rendering patients susceptible to B19-induced aplastic crisis, include iron deficiency (Graeve and (179), cold and heat antibody-mediated autoimmune hemolytic disease (85), paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (177), and even blood loss (124). The aplasia may also be associated with hemophagocytic syndrome (289).…”

Section: Infection In Patients With Increased Red Cell Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human Parvovirus B19

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Parvovirus B19 (B19) was discovered in 1974 and is the only member of the family Parvoviridae known to be pathogenic in humans. Despite the inability to propagate the virus in cell cultures, much has been learned about the pathophysiology of this virus, including the identification of the cellular receptor (P antigen), and the control of the virus by the immune system. B19 is widespread, and manifestations of infection vary with the immunologic and hematologic status of the host. In healthy immunocompetent individuals B19 is the cause of erythema infectiosum and, particularly in adults, acute symmetric polyarthropathy. Due to the tropism of B19 to erythroid progenitor cells, infection in individuals with an underlying hemolytic disorder causes transient aplastic crisis. In the immunocompromised host persistent B19 infection is manifested as pure red cell aplasia and chronic anemia. Likewise, the immature immune response of the fetus may render it susceptible to infection, leading to fetal death in utero, hydrops fetalis, or development of congenital anemia. B19 has also been suggested as the causative agent in a variety of clinical syndromes, but given the common nature, causality is often difficult to infer. Diagnosis is primarily based on detection of specific antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or detection of viral DNA by dot blot hybridization or PCR. Treatment of persistent infection with immunoglobulin reduces the viral load and results in a marked resolution of anemia. Vaccine phase I trials show promising results

show abstract

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infection In Patients With Increased Red Cell Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus B19

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A se lection of such studies are summarised in table 2, which again suggest that heating, either alone or in combination with solvent detergent or other aspects of the purification method, may reduce the infectivity of factor VIII concen Process Validation PCR has been used in a pilot study to assess the value of B19 screening of donors and also the clearance of B19 pre sent in plasma pools during the fractionation process [41,106]. Removal of 23 PCR B19-reactive donations from a pool of 6,000 reduced the plasma load of B19 10-to 100-Human Parvovirus B19 and Blood Products Vox Sang 1997;72: [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] fold. Positive batches were particularly noted in plasma ob tained in the spring 'high season'.…”

Section: Patient Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following recent out breaks of hepatitis A infection in Europe associated with certain factor VIII preparations [1], patients, clinicians, reg ulators and plasma fractionators have become increasingly concerned about the potential transmission of this and other a 227-amino acid peptide. The B19 genome is composed of one structural gene, encoding VP-l/VP-2, at the 3' end, with non-structural proteins encoded by the 5' end of the genome, with two inverted repeat elements at either end [2,3]. In most individuals infection results in seroconversion with the resulting neutralising IgG antibodies affording life-long protection from re-infection [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Parvovirus B19 and Blood Products

Prowse¹,

Ludlam²,

Yap³

1997

Vox Sanguinis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and objectives: Human B19 parvovirus (B19), identified in 1975, was only recognised as the causative agent of fifth disease in 1983. The incidence of viraemia is low, around 1 in 1,000, but is sufficient to ensure that most plasma pools for fractionation contain some virus. While infection usually occurs in childhood and is benign, chronic infection sometimes occurs and may be of concern in certain patient groups. Materials and methods: This review is based on a meeting held in March 1995, and addresses recent concerns regarding the potential transmission of B19 infection by pooled plasma products. Results: Recent data on the pathophysiology and assay of this virus are summarised along with possible approaches to donor screening, product screening, and virus removal. Only five cases of symptomatic infection have been reported in persons with haemophilia, but no technology for vims removal is established, and infection may be of concern in pregnant women, and in patients with enhanced red cell turnover or who are immunosuppressed, including those infected with human immunodeficiency vims, but only rarely in immunocompetent patients. Conclusions: For the future, well-validated assays relevant to vims infectivity are required if blood donations, plasma pools, or plasma products are to be screened, and an in-process vims inactivation step for B19 would be highly desirable. In the interim, non-plasma or recombinant products or a selective transfusion policy might be used in patient groups in which B19 infection is of particular concern. Further clinical data on the prognosis and impact of B19 infection are needed to justify both such policies and the future adoption of new technologies designed to reduce any excess B19 infectivity arising from transfused products.

show abstract

“…Infection with human parvovirus B19 can cause aplastic crises in patients with underlying haemolytic anaemias, persistent infection leading to chronic bone marrow failure in the immunosuppressed and fetal death associated with hydrops (see review by Harris, 1992). This single-stranded DNA virus has a specific tropism for human erythroid precursor cells and cannot be cultured in standard cell lines or animal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular localization of parvovirus B19 nucleic acid at the ultrastructural level by in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled probes

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conditions suitable for immunogold detection of digoxigenin-labelled DNA probes hybridized to parvovirus B19-infected erythroid cells embedded in Lowicryl K4M and LR White acrylic resins were established at the electron microscope level. The protocol was initially optimized using a positive control probe for whole human DNA which produced signal over the heterochromatin of all nucleated cells. In cultures harvested 2 days postinfection, B19 nucleic acid was detected mainly within the centrinuclear region of erythroid cells exhibiting characteristic margination of the chromatin. The B19 hybridization signal was largely unaffected by denaturation and was resistant to RNase digestion but sensitive to DNase digestion, indicating that it was mainly single-stranded B19 DNA. Relatively few gold particles were found over crystalline arrays of viral capsids, consistent with the observation that they are composed of mainly 'empty' capsids. B19 nucleic acid was detected in apparent transit from nucleus to cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear membrane. While the sensitivity of this system is limited by the fact that hybridization occurs only at the surface of the section, it is a rapid and specific means of localizing viral nucleic acids with a high degree of resolution.

show abstract

Parvovirus B19 for the hematologist

Cited by 63 publications

References 144 publications

Human Parvovirus B19

Human Parvovirus B19

Human Parvovirus B19 and Blood Products

Intracellular localization of parvovirus B19 nucleic acid at the ultrastructural level by in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled probes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About