Partitioning NEE for absolute C input into various ecosystem pools by combining results from eddy-covariance, atmospheric flux partitioning and 13CO2 pulse labeling

Riederer, Michael; Pausch, Johanna; Kuzyakov, Yakov; Foken, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s11104-014-2371-7

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The authors also estimated, based on values from Riederer et al . (), that gross rhizodeposition was c . 2.2 times greater than net rhizodeposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with shoot litter, when root litter is deposited above ground, it must first be physically incorporated into the mineral soil by decomposer organisms. Therefore, we may have disadvantaged the efficiency of root litter incorporation in the 'Litter Only' plots, and underestimated the (2017), Riederer et al (2015)). See article text for more detail on conversion factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent meta-analysis, Pausch & Kuzyakov (2017) found that, across 16 studies and 128 datasets, the mean value (AE SE) of net rhizodeposition for grassland species was 6.05 AE 0.48% of total photoassimilate (similar values were also found for crop and tree species). The authors also estimated, based on values from Riederer et al (2015), that gross rhizodeposition was c. 2.2 times greater than net rhizodeposition. From these values, we therefore estimated that c. 13.3% of total M. vimineum net photoassimilate (i.e.…”

Section: Efficiency Of Living Root Vs Litter Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for the primacy of living root inputs, not root or shoot litter, in forming soil organic carbon

et al. 2018

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is primarily formed from plant inputs, but the relative carbon (C) contributions from living root inputs (i.e. rhizodeposits) vs litter inputs (i.e. root + shoot litter) are poorly understood. Recent theory suggests that living root inputs exert a disproportionate influence on SOC formation, but few field studies have explicitly tested this by separately tracking living root vs litter inputs as they move through the soil food web and into distinct SOC pools. We used a manipulative field experiment with an annual C grass in a forest understory to differentially track its living root vs litter inputs into the soil and to assess net SOC formation over multiple years. We show that living root inputs are 2-13 times more efficient than litter inputs in forming both slow-cycling, mineral-associated SOC as well as fast-cycling, particulate organic C. Furthermore, we demonstrate that living root inputs are more efficiently anabolized by the soil microbial community en route to the mineral-associated SOC pool (dubbed 'the in vivo microbial turnover pathway'). Overall, our findings provide support for the primacy of living root inputs in forming SOC. However, we also highlight the possibility of nonadditive effects of living root and litter inputs, which may deplete SOC pools despite greater SOC formation rates.

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“…The authors also estimated, based on values from Riederer et al . (), that gross rhizodeposition was c . 2.2 times greater than net rhizodeposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Efficiency Of Living Root Vs Litter Inputsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for the primacy of living root inputs, not root or shoot litter, in forming soil organic carbon

et al. 2018

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“…All studies with samplings shorter than 1 day showed very fast C allocation rates (Table S1). Already within the first few hours, labeled C was detected in rhizodeposits and root‐derived CO 2 (e.g., Domanski, Kuzyakov, Siniakina, & Stahr, ; Riederer, Pausch, Kuzyakov, & Foken, ; Tian et al., ). After 10 hr, about 21% of recent assimilates are allocated belowground by crops and grasses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon input by roots into the soil: Quantification of rhizodeposition from root to ecosystem scale

Pausch

Kuzyakov

2017

Global Change Biology

650

367

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Despite its fundamental role for carbon (C) and nutrient cycling, rhizodeposition remains 'the hidden half of the hidden half': it is highly dynamic and rhizodeposits are rapidly incorporated into microorganisms, soil organic matter, and decomposed to CO 2 . Therefore, rhizodeposition is rarely quantified and remains the most uncertain part of the soil C cycle and of C fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. This review synthesizes and generalizes the literature on C inputs by rhizodeposition under crops and grasslands (281 data sets). The allocation dynamics of assimilated C (after 13 C-CO 2 or 14 C-CO 2 labeling of plants) were quantified within shoots, shoot respiration, roots, net rhizodeposition (i.e., C remaining in soil for longer periods), root-derived CO 2 , and microorganisms. Partitioning of C pools and fluxes were used to extrapolate belowground C inputs via rhizodeposition to ecosystem level. Allocation from shoots to roots reaches a maximum within the first day after C assimilation. Annual crops retained more C (45% of assimilated 13 C or 14 C) in shoots than grasses (34%), mainly perennials, and allocated 1.5 times less C belowground. For crops, belowground C allocation was maximal during the first 1-2 months of growth and decreased very fast thereafter. For grasses, it peaked after 2-4 months and remained very high within the second year causing much longer allocation periods. Despite higher belowground C allocation by grasses (33%) than crops (21%), its distribution between various belowground pools remains very similar. Hence, the total C allocated belowground depends on the plant species, but its further fate is species independent. This review demonstrates that C partitioning can be used in various approaches, e.g., root sampling, CO 2 flux measurements, to assess rhizodeposits' pools and fluxes at pot, plot, field and ecosystem scale and so, to close the most uncertain gap of the terrestrial C cycle. K E Y W O R D Sbelowground carbon allocation, carbon

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“…; Riederer et al. ). The control treatment had an R‐eco of 6.3 kg CO 2 m −2 year −1 , and a soil temperature increase of 2 and 3°C caused a further increase in respiration of 2.7 and 1.4 kg CO 2 m −2 year −1 , respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon cycling in temperate grassland under elevated temperature

Jansen-Willems

Lanigan

Grünhage³

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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An increase in mean soil surface temperature has been observed over the last century, and it is predicted to further increase in the future. The effect of increased temperature on ecosystem carbon fluxes in a permanent temperate grassland was studied in a long‐term (6 years) field experiment, using multiple temperature increments induced by IR lamps. Ecosystem respiration (R‐eco) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) were measured and modeled by a modified Lloyd and Taylor model including a soil moisture component for R‐eco (average R 2 of 0.78) and inclusion of a photosynthetic component based on temperature and radiation for NEE (R 2 = 0.65). Modeled NEE values ranged between 2.3 and 5.3 kg CO 2 m−2 year−1, depending on treatment. An increase of 2 or 3°C led to increased carbon losses, lowering the carbon storage potential by around 4 tonnes of C ha−1 year−1. The majority of significant NEE differences were found during night‐time compared to daytime. This suggests that during daytime the increased respiration could be offset by an increase in photosynthetic uptake. This was also supported by differences in δ 13C and δ 18O, indicating prolonged increased photosynthetic activity associated with the higher temperature treatments. However, this increase in photosynthesis was insufficient to counteract the 24 h increase in respiration, explaining the higher CO 2 emissions due to elevated temperature.

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Partitioning NEE for absolute C input into various ecosystem pools by combining results from eddy-covariance, atmospheric flux partitioning and 13CO2 pulse labeling

Cited by 21 publications

References 91 publications

Evidence for the primacy of living root inputs, not root or shoot litter, in forming soil organic carbon

Evidence for the primacy of living root inputs, not root or shoot litter, in forming soil organic carbon

Carbon input by roots into the soil: Quantification of rhizodeposition from root to ecosystem scale

Carbon cycling in temperate grassland under elevated temperature

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