Particulate matter emission from livestock houses: measurement methods, emission levels and abatement systems

Winkel, A.

doi:10.18174/390454

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Potentially pathogenic viruses and bacteria, and antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) bacteria can also be found in airborne particulate matter (PM) surrounding livestock farms (de Rooij et al, ; McEachran et al, ; Ssematimba et al, ). Although the main sources of PM emitted from livestock houses are of organic nature, for example, manure, bedding material, straw, animal feed, feathers, skin flakes, and hair (Winkel, ), recent studies have emphasized the large contribution of livestock farming to anthropogenic fine PM (PM 2.5 ) pollution, which constitutes mainly of secondary inorganic aerosols, including ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate (Bauer et al, ; Brunekreef et al, ; Lelieveld et al, ; Vieno et al, ). Inorganic ammonium compounds are formed by gaseous ammonia, which is mainly emitted from livestock production, and combustion‐based gases.…”

Section: Agriculture: a Key Contributor To Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, decision making may also lead to–sometimes unforeseen–trade‐offs between these objectives. For example, the transition in the laying hen sector from cage housing to alternative housing systems with littered floors has substantially increased the contribution of the livestock sector to total PM emissions (Winkel, ). Due to public health concerns highlighted by recent research discussed in our commentary, the Dutch government now plans to reduce the emissions from poultry houses by 50% over the next 10 years (van Dam & Dijksma, ), creating an urgent need for emission‐reducing technologies.…”

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions

Smit

Heederik

2017

GeoHealth

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In several regions worldwide, the presence of livestock in close proximity to residential areas raises questions about public health implications. The rapid expansion of large‐scale livestock farms, increasingly interwoven with urbanized areas, and its potential impact on neighboring residents' health has hardly been accompanied by any research. The current situation in densely populated livestock farming areas could be regarded as a “natural experiment.” Most scientific and public health initiatives have focused on emerging zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance as potential health threats. In this commentary, we emphasize the importance of respiratory health effects of noninfectious air pollutant emissions from livestock farms.

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Section: Agriculture: a Key Contributor To Air Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions

Smit

Heederik

2017

GeoHealth

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“…In hoofdstuk 1 (en daarin: Tabel 1) van het proefschrift van Winkel (2016) Samengevat blijkt uit de gevonden onderzoeken:…”

Section: Deeltjesgrootteverdelingunclassified

Emissies van endotoxinen uit de veehouderij : eindrapport endotoxine metingen = Emissions of endotoxins from animal production: final report on endotoxin measurements

Winkel

Erbrink²,

Wouters

et al. 2018

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SynopsisCijfers over de emissie van endotoxinen uit stallen zijn nodig als input voor een eventueel endotoxine toetsingskader ter bescherming van de gezondheid van omwonenden van stallen. Daarnaast zijn emissiecijfers nodig in lopend onderzoek waarin concentratiegradiëntkaarten worden gegenereerd en relaties tussen gemodelleerde endotoxineconcentraties en medische gegevens van bewoners worden onderzocht. In twee eerdere rapportages is een literatuurstudie uitgevoerd (WLR Rapport 773) en is een eerste set emissiecijfers verkregen waarmee ook indicatieve verspreidingsberekeningen voor een aantal fictieve stallen zijn uitgevoerd (WLR Rapport 959). Dit derde deel van het onderzoek richtte zich op verdere onderbouwing en detaillering van de emissiecijfers en de uitgangspunten voor de verspreidingsmodellering van endotoxinen. In dit rapport is de eerste set emissiecijfers uitgebreid tot een totaal van 60 endotoxinemetingen, verricht bij een totaal van 18 stallen voor leghennen, vleeskuikens, vleesvarkens, zeugen, biggen en melkkoeien. Daarnaast bevat dit rapport twee literatuurstudies die inzichten opleveren voor het juist vormgeven van de modellering van endotoxinen vanuit stallen naar leefomgeving en omwonenden. Met dit alles is eerder ontbrekende kennis ontwikkeld dat in de toekomst kan dienen als componenten van een endotoxine toetsingskader en als een basis voor het project 'Risicomodellering veehouderij en gezondheid'. AbstractData on the emission of endotoxins from livestock farms are needed as input for a possible endotoxin assessment framework for the protection of the health of people living in the vicinity of farms. In addition, emission figures are needed in a current research project in which concentration gradient maps are generated and relationships between modelled endotoxin concentrations and residents' medical data are examined. In two previous reports, a literature study was conducted (WLR Report 773) and a first set of emission figures was obtained which were used in indicative dispersion calculations at a number of fictitious farm sites (WLR Report 959). This third part of the research focused on a further substantiation and detailing of the emission figures and the dispersion modelling of endotoxins. In this report, the first set of emission figures has been extended to a total of 60 measurements carried out at a total of 18 livestock houses for laying hens, broilers, fattening pigs, sows, piglets and dairy cows. In addition, this report contains two literature studies that provide insights for a valid design of the dispersion modelling of endotoxins from livestock farms to the environment and local residents. With all this, previously lacking knowledge has been developed which in future can serve as components of a possible endotoxin assessment framework and as input for the project 'Modelling health risks of livestock houses'. OmslagfotoDe foto op de voorzijde toont monstername van PM10 in de buitenlucht met op de achtergrond een veehouderijbedrijf. Foto: Kees Rutten. Dit rapport is gratis te do...

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“…The high PM levels in CF hen houses primarily stem from the hen activities on litter floor. Spraying liquid agents onto litter floor, such as tap water, acidic water, electrolyzed water, and mixture of water and soybean or canola oil, has been shown to reduce dust level or disinfect poultry houses (Ellen et al, 2000;Zheng et al, 2014;Adell et al, 2015;Winkel, et al, 2016). Zheng et al (2014) sprayed regular tap water and slightly acidic electrolyzed water at 80 mL m -2 onto laying-hen litter, which reduced PM by 49%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Mitigating Particulate Matter Emissions of a Commercial Cage-free Aviary Hen House</i>

Chai¹,

Xin²,

Yü³

et al. 2018

2018 Detroit, Michigan July 29 - August 1, 2018

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Concerns over animal welfare among general public and marketing decisions have led to pledges by a number of U.S. food retailers and restaurants to source only cage-free (CF) eggs in the foreseeable future, e.g., by 2025. Compared to conventional cage production system, CF hen housing offers hens more space and opportunities to exercise their natural behaviors (e.g., perching, dust bathing, and foraging). However, CF housing poses many inherent environmental challenges, among which are high levels of particulate matter (PM) and ammonia (NH3). Spraying liquid agent (e.g., 125 mL m-2 per cm litter depth) has been shown to effectively mitigate the generation of PM by 60-70% from CF henhouse litter in our previous lab-scale tests. The objectives of this study were to verify the lab-study findings of PM reduction with liquid spray on a commercial CF farm and to evaluate the indoor air and litter quality before and after liquid spray. This field verification study was conducted with a commercial aviary CF house (50,000 laying hens, L×W×H = 154 × 21.3 × 3.0 m) in Iowa during winter of 2017-2018. A water sprinkling system was installed in half of the experimental henhouse in the length direction (treatment section), whereas the other half of the henhouse served as the control. In each trial, the spray dosage (125 mL H2O m-2 per cm litter depth) was adjusted according to the initial litter depth before the spray. A total of three trials were conducted in this study. Results show that the PM concentration was reduced by 37-51% PM in the commercial aviary henhouse. The lower reduction efficiency in the field than the values obtained in the lab tests was partially attributed to the fact that water spray was applied to only the open litter area, and the litter area under the aviary system was not sprayed. Adjusting spray dosage according to litter depth is necessary for maintaining a certain reduction efficiency. Litter moisture content of the treatment sections was 9-14% higher than control (i.e., 15.6% vs. 14% for Trial 1, 14.6% vs. 12.2% for Trial 2, and 17.7% vs. 14.9% for Trial 3), but NH3 concentrations in treatment and control were similar during the test.

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Particulate matter emission from livestock houses: measurement methods, emission levels and abatement systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions

Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions

Emissies van endotoxinen uit de veehouderij : eindrapport endotoxine metingen = Emissions of endotoxins from animal production: final report on endotoxin measurements

<i>Mitigating Particulate Matter Emissions of a Commercial Cage-free Aviary Hen House</i>

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Particulate matter emission from livestock houses: measurement methods, emission levels and abatement systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions

Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions

Emissies van endotoxinen uit de veehouderij : eindrapport endotoxine metingen = Emissions of endotoxins from animal production: final report on endotoxin measurements

&lt;i&gt;Mitigating Particulate Matter Emissions of a Commercial Cage-free Aviary Hen House&lt;/i&gt;

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<i>Mitigating Particulate Matter Emissions of a Commercial Cage-free Aviary Hen House</i>