Particulate matter and elemental emissions from a cement kiln

Gupta, R.K.; Majumdar, Deepanjan; Trivedi, Jitendra; Bhanarkar, A. D.

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.06.007

Cited by 75 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It was observed that the particles and associated metals, particularly with fine dust, remain suspended in air longer under certain meteorological conditions. Road dust, an important environmental indicator of metal contamination from atmospheric deposition, receives varying inputs of anthropogenic metals from various stationary and mobile sources such as vehicular traffic, industrial activities, power plants, residential fossil fuel burning, waste incineration, construction and demolition activities, and resuspension of contaminated soil (Bilos et al, 2001;Charlesworth et al, 2003;Bhanarkar et al, 2005Bhanarkar et al, , 2008Gupta et al, 2012). Road dust, therefore, is a significant contributor of pollution in the urban environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining heavy metal contamination of road dust in Delhi, India

Suryawanshi

Rajaram

Bhanarkar

et al. 2016

ATM

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RESUMENLa contaminación del aire es considerada como uno de los mayores desafíos ambientales debido a sus efectos sobre los ecosistemas y la salud humana. En este estudio se investigan los niveles de concentración y las fuentes de la contaminación por metales pesados en muestras de polvo de caminos recolectadas en varios sitios que incluyen áreas con cuatro actividades diferentes en Delhi, India: industriales, carreteras, residenciales y de uso mixto. El contenido de metales en polvo de caminos se analizó mediante espectroscopia de emisión atómica por plasma de acoplamiento inductivo. Los resultados muestran altos niveles de concentración de Ni, Cr y Pb en áreas industriales. Los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson acoplados con análisis de componentes principales revelaron que el CD, el Cr, el Ni y el Pb están vinculados con fuentes industriales en tanto que el Zn y el Cu proceden principalmente del tráfico vehicular. La contaminación en polvo de caminos se valoró a través de varios métodos: grado de contaminación, índice ecológico e índice de contaminación. El análisis de los factores de contaminación reveló que las muestras de polvo de caminos estaban contaminadas de manera considerable con Zn y Pb. Los índices de potencial ecológico indicaron la presencia de contaminación significativa por Cd y moderada por Pb en el polvo de camino, en tanto que la contaminación por Cr, Cu, Ni y Zn fue baja. El índice de contaminación de la mayoría de los metales fue mayor a 1, lo cual revela un deterioro en la calidad del polvo de caminos en Delhi a causa de las emisiones antrópicas. El grado de contaminación, el índice de potencia ecológico y el índice integrado de contaminación indican que el polvo de caminos en áreas industriales, de carreteras y de uso mixto exhiben alta contaminación por metales pesados. El polvo del camino también está contaminado de manera significativa. Evaluaciones realizadas por diversos métodos indicaron que todas las técnicas son importantes para valorar la calidad ambiental. ABSTRACTAir pollution has been considered one of the major environmental challenges because of its effect on ecosystems and human health. The concentration levels and sources of heavy metals contamination were studied in road dust samples collected from various locations including four different activity areas: industrial, highways, residential and mixed use in Delhi, India. Metal content in road dust was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The results showed high concentration levels of Ni, Cr and Pb in industrial areas. Pearson's correlations coupled with principal component analysis revealed that Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb are associated with industrial sources whereas Zn and Cu are mainly contributed by vehicular traffic. Road dust contamination was assessed by various methods: degree of contamination, potential ecological index and pollution index. Contamination factor analysis showed that road dust samples are significantly contaminated by Zn and Pb. The potential ecological indices indicate...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining heavy metal contamination of road dust in Delhi, India

Suryawanshi

Rajaram

Bhanarkar

et al. 2016

ATM

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“…In both wet and dry process plants with dust control technology, about 85% of escaping particles were less than 10 μm in diameter, while in dry plants having bag houses, about 45% of escaping particles was of 2.5 μm diameter [19,20]. The particulate matter contains elemental content (Ca 2 + , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− , As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) of the principal raw materials, products, combustion material from the kiln stack in a cement plant [21]. Among the elements of environmental concern (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb), As, Cd and Pb showed higher concentration in stack emitted particles [21].…”

Section: Overview Of Stationary Emission Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The particulate matter contains elemental content (Ca 2 + , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− , As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) of the principal raw materials, products, combustion material from the kiln stack in a cement plant [21]. Among the elements of environmental concern (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb), As, Cd and Pb showed higher concentration in stack emitted particles [21]. Another noteworthy characteristic of the aerosol from cement plants is that its size distribution is very stable [20].…”

Section: Overview Of Stationary Emission Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Monitoring Devices for Particulate Content in Exhaust Gases

Castellani¹,

Morini

Filipponi

et al. 2014

Sustainability

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Abstract:The installation and operation of continuous particulate emission monitors in industrial processes has become well developed and common practice in industrial stacks and ducts over the past 30 years, reflecting regulatory monitoring requirements. Continuous emissions monitoring equipment is installed not only for regulatory compliance, but also for the monitoring of plant performance, calculation of emissions inventories and compilation of environmental impact assessments. Particulate matter (PM) entrained in flue gases is produced by the combustion of fuels or wastes. The size and quantity of particles released depends on the type of fuel and the design of the plant. The present work provides an overview of the main industrial emission sources, a description of the main types of monitoring systems offered by manufacturers and a comparative analysis of the currently available technologies for measuring dust releases to atmosphere.

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“…Few emission inventories have been created for UFPs, but although constructed using different approaches, they all concluded that the highest contribution comes from emissions of industrial combustion processes and traffic-related emissions (Cass et al, 2000;Kuhlbusch and Asbach, 2011;Kulmala et al, 2011;Buonanno et al, 2009). In cement industries, dust is emitted from stockpiles, quarrying, transportation of raw materials, kiln operation, clinker cooling, and milling (Abdul-Wahab, 2006;European Commission, 2010;Gupta et al, 2012). Particulates emitted from cement kiln mostly range from 0.05 to 5.0 µm in aerodynamic diameter (Kalacic, 1973;Meo et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particulates emitted from cement kiln mostly range from 0.05 to 5.0 µm in aerodynamic diameter (Kalacic, 1973;Meo et al, 2002). Literature data on experimental campaigns both at the stack of clinker lines and in the surrounding areas, in order to assess the impact of the cement plants, show that the contribution to ambient air PM 10 and PM 2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <2.5 and <10 μm, respectively) is to a small extent, probably on the order of 10% (Perrino et al, 2010;Abu-Allaban and Abu-Qudais, 2011;Gupta et al, 2012). In the last years, the attention was focused on the finer fraction of particles (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter lower than 2.5 µm), although the epidemiological evidence for health effects is still more limited (Hoek et al, 2010;Terzano et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of submicron aerosol particles in cement kilns: Total concentration and size distribution

Rotatori

Mosca

Guerriero

et al. 2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Cement plants are responsible for particle and gaseous emissions into the atmosphere. With respect to particle emission, the greater part of is in the range from 0.05 to 5.0 µm in diameter. In the last years attention was paid to submicron particles, but there is a lack of available data on the emission from stationary sources. In this paper, concentration and size distribution of particles emitted from four cement kilns, in relationship to operational conditions (especially the use of alternative fuel to coal) of the clinker process are reported. Experimental campaigns were carried out by measuring particles concentration and size distribution at the stack of four cement plants through condensation particle counter (CPC) and scanning mobility particle sizer spectrometer (SMPS). Average total particle number concentrations were between 2000 and 4000 particles/cm 3 , about 8-10 times lower that those found in the corresponding surrounding areas. As for size distribution, for all the investigated plants it is stable with a unimodal distribution (120-150 nm), independent from the fuel used.Implications: The study provides information on submicron particles emitted from cement kilns in different driving conditions. In particular, the total particle number is modest and considerably lower than that measured in ambient air, whereas the particle size distribution could be influenced by the operational conditions.

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Particulate matter and elemental emissions from a cement kiln

Cited by 75 publications

References 29 publications

Determining heavy metal contamination of road dust in Delhi, India

Determining heavy metal contamination of road dust in Delhi, India

Comparative Analysis of Monitoring Devices for Particulate Content in Exhaust Gases

Emission of submicron aerosol particles in cement kilns: Total concentration and size distribution

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