Particulate Lead Compounds in Exhaust Gas

Abstract

Particulate Lead Compounds in Automobile Exhaust GasWhy do urban atmospheres retain so little lead from the vast quantities of leaded gasoline burned daily? A detailed answer is given here Current interest in automobile exhaust gas as an atmospheric pollutant has led to many studies of its minor constituents such as incompletely burned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and

Chemical concentrations of pollutant lead aerosols, terrestrial dusts and sea salts in Greenland and Antarctic snow strata

“…About half to a third of the lead burned in automotive fuels is introduced into the atmosphere as long-lived finely divided aerosols (HIRSCHLER et al, 1957;MUELLER et al, 1964). Changes in such factors as the proportions of leaded fuels consumed in airplanes and in low and high compression engines, which determine the proportions of lead in fuel converted to atmospheric aerosols, are unimportant compared to the enormous increase in the total rate of burning of leaded fuels during the last four decades.…”

The ChemicalNatureof theParticipatein IrradiatedAutomobile Exhaust

“…Hirschler, et al, 4 made a comprehensive study of the amount, composition, and particle size distribution of the lead compounds in the exhaust gases from automobile engines burning leaded fuel. They showed that • the lead particles are mainly of the form PbClBr, a and 0 forms of NH 4 Cl-2PbCl-Br, and 2NH 4 C1 • PbCl • Br.…”

“…They showed that • the lead particles are mainly of the form PbClBr, a and 0 forms of NH 4 Cl-2PbCl-Br, and 2NH 4 C1 • PbCl • Br. They report that 5 percent by weight of the particles are in the size range 0 to 1 n diameter.…”

Bromine emissions from leaded gasoline

“…In studies using U.S. automobiles and "motor fluid," PbBrC1 in particulate form is the predominant form of lead emitted from automobile tailpipes, although lead oxides are also present [Hirschler et al, 1957;Habibi, 1973 …”