Particulate Air Pollution and Asthma: A Review of Epidemiological and Biological Studies

Goldsmith, Carroll-Ann; Kobzik, Lester

doi:10.1515/reveh.1999.14.3.121

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(1 reference statement)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…6,8,25,213,305,308, Recent reviews discuss the toxicologic and epidemiologic evidence for health risks from gasoline and diesel engine emissions; 324,349 the toxicology of ultrafine anthropogenic atmospheric aerosols; 345 and the relationship of particle air pollution to asthma. 350 The proceedings of recent conferences are sources of more detailed coverage of current health-related research. 351,352 Epidemiology Epidemiology, the medical science that investigates the quantitative factors controlling the frequency and distribution of disease, provided the initial evidence that the PM 10 ambient air standard did not meet the legal criteria in the Clean Air Act to "protect the public health" while "allowing an adequate margin of safety."…”

Section: Particle Health Effect Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health

Lighty

Veranth

Sarofim

2000

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

1,008

600

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Particulate matter (PM) emissions from stationary combustion sources burning coal, fuel oil, biomass, and waste, and PM from internal combustion (IC) engines burning gasoline and diesel, are a significant source of primary particles smaller than 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ) in urban areas. Combustion-generated particles are generally smaller than geologically produced dust and have unique chemical composition and morphology. The fundamental processes affecting formation of combustion PM and the emission characteristics of important applications are reviewed. Particles containing transition metals, ultrafine particles, and soot are emphasized because these types of particles have been studied extensively, and their emissions are controlled by the fuel composition and the oxidant-temperature-mixing history from the flame to the stack. There is a need for better integration of the combustion, air pollution control, atmospheric chemistry, and inhalation health research communities. Epidemiology has demonstrated that susceptible individuals are being harmed by ambient PM. Particle surface area, number of ultrafine particles, bioavailable transition metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and other particle-bound organic compounds are suspected to be more important than particle mass in determining the effects of air pollution. Time-and size-resolved PM measurements are needed for testing mechanistic toxicological hypotheses, for characterizing the relationship between combustion operating conditions and transient emissions, and for source apportionment studies to develop air quality plans. Citations are provided to more specialized reviews, and the concluding comments make suggestions for further research.

show abstract

Section: Particle Health Effect Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health

Lighty

Veranth

Sarofim

2000

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

1,008

600

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It stretches for about 120 km along the banks of the Nile. There is considerable evidence linking increased levels of air pollution to adverse effects on human health [1,2]. Egypt is littered with garbage, pollution and people who do not care about their country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of gasoline professionals to leaded gasoline in Asyut governorate

Ahmed

Ahmed²

2015

IJBAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Gasoline is a complex manufactured mixture that does not exist naturally in the environment and produced from petroleum in the refining process. Gasoline discussed in this profile is automotive gasoline used as a fuel for engines in automobiles and other vehicles. Unleaded gasoline was introduced in the greater area Asyut, and 10% of the total sales of gasoline were unleaded. There were no previous studies on pollution caused by gasoline exposure in Asyut governorate in Upper Egypt, so, in this study we try to concern on the effect of air pollution from automobile exhaust on hematological and biochemical parameters of professionals. Materials and methods: Hundred and twenty samples from professionals have been collected from Asyut Governorate; they divided into four groups each group contain thirty samples. 10 milliliter of venous blood sample was withdrawn, over EDTA, from each individual, to determine the values of hematological, biochemical parameters and blood-lead level. Results and discussion: According to the present study, it was found that there was a significant increase in blood-lead level, hemoglobin levels and white blood cells count in all of the exposed groups. On the other hand, creatinine level shows significant decrease but there were a significant increase urea level and increase in some liver function's levels (ALT and AST) in all tested groups. Conclusion: The exposure to gasoline caused some toxic lesions on some parameters (hematological and biochemical). It is also observed that enzyme activity (AST, ALT) increase significantly compared with control.

show abstract

“…In fact, several studies have shown adverse effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory health (9,10) and increased risk of atopic diseases and allergic sensitization when children are exposed to ambient particulate matter (11). Among these pollutants, diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are important components of the pollution respirable particles in the range of 2.5 μ m or less.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particles on House Dust Mite–Induced Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation and Remodeling in Mice

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Recent research has focused on the effects of ambient particulate pollution and much evidence has indicated that particulate pollution is associated with the onset of asthma and allergy; however, the effect of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) on the development of allergen-induced airway remodeling has not been fully investigated in vivo. In the present study, we examined the effects of DEP on Dermatophagoides farinae allergens (Der f)-induced asthma-like phenotypes in mice. Mice were administered i.t. 8 times with Der f. DEP were injected i.t. with Der f 4 times throughout the experiment or twice at the sensitization period. In both cases, DEP aggravated Der f-induced increases in airway responsiveness to acetylcholine, the number of eosinophils and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum Der f-specific IgG1 levels, Th2 cytokines and transforming growth factor-β 1 levels in BALF, and amount of hydroxyproline in the right lungs. Furthermore, goblet cell hyperplasia and subepithelial fibrosis were also markedly aggravated. These findings indicate that DEP can potentiate airway remodeling induced by repeated allergen challenge as well as Th2-drived airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, and IgG1 production and that DEP can exhibit adjuvant activity for airway remodeling, probably due to the enhancement of allergen sensitization and/or of Th2 polarizing pathways.

show abstract

Particulate Air Pollution and Asthma: A Review of Epidemiological and Biological Studies

Cited by 52 publications

References 48 publications

Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health

Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health

Exposure of gasoline professionals to leaded gasoline in Asyut governorate

Effect of Diesel Exhaust Particles on House Dust Mite–Induced Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation and Remodeling in Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About