Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health

Lighty, JoAnn S.; Veranth, John M.; Sarofim, Adel F.

doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464197

Cited by 994 publications

(617 citation statements)

References 303 publications

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“…It was not possible to identify separately these sources. Their chemical composition resembled also that of fly ash from different combustion sources (see Ganor et al, 1998;Valmari et al, 1999;Lighty et al, 2000), and on the other hand that of bitumen mixed with minerals possibly from filler or stone materials of the asphalt, based on analysis made for this study. The fly ash can originate from the residential area where the houses are heated mainly with oil and wood.…”

Section: Vernal Road Dust Episodesupporting

confidence: 58%

The Effect of Traction Sanding on Urban Suspended Particles in Finland

Kupiainen

Tervahattu

2004

Environ Monit Assess

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Abstract. Springtime urban road dust forms one of the most serious problems regarding air pollution in Finland. The composition and origin of springtime dust was studied in southern Finland with two different methods. Suspended particles (PM 10 and TSP) were collected with high volume particle samplers and particle deposition was collected with moss bags. The composition of the PM 1.5−10 fraction was studied using individual particle analysis with SEM/EDX. The deposition in the moss bags was analysed with ICP-MS. The results showed that during the study period, approximately 10% of both PM 1.5−10 particles and the deposition originated from sanding. Other sources in the springtime PM 1.5−10 were e.g. asphalt aggregate or soil and combustion processes. It can be concluded that sanding produced a relatively small amount of particulate matter under the investigated circumstances.

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Section: Vernal Road Dust Episodesupporting

confidence: 58%

The Effect of Traction Sanding on Urban Suspended Particles in Finland

Kupiainen

Tervahattu

2004

Environ Monit Assess

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“…into the human respiratory system (Lighty et al, 2000) and the fine fraction (PM 1 ) and sub-micron particle number concentration may be more detrimental to human health owing to their capacity to penetrate deeper into the lungs. Despite this fact, the fine PM fraction and its chemical composition remain relatively understudied, especially outside urban areas.…”

Section: Cusack Et Al: Source Apportionment Of Pm 1 and Sub-micromentioning

confidence: 99%

Source apportionment of fine PM and sub-micron particle number concentrations at a regional background site in the western Mediterranean: a 2.5 year study

et al. 2013

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The chemical composition and sources of ambient fine particulate matter (PM₁) over a period of 2.5 years for a regional background site in the western Mediterranean are presented in this work. Furthermore, sub-micron particle number concentrations and the sources of these particles are also presented. The mean PM₁ concentration for the measurement period was 8.9 μg m⁻³, with organic matter (OM) and sulphate comprising most of the mass (3.2 and 1.5 μg m⁻³ respectively). Six sources were identified in PM₁ by Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF): secondary organic aerosol, secondary nitrate, industrial, traffic + biomass burning, fuel oil combustion and secondary sulphate. Typically anthropogenic sources displayed elevated concentrations during the week with reductions at weekends. Nitrate levels were elevated in winter and negligible in summer, whereas secondary sulphate levels underwent a contrasting seasonal evolution with highest concentrations in summer, similar to the fuel oil combustion source. The SOA source was influenced by episodes of sustained pollution as a result of anticyclonic conditions occurring during winter, giving rise to thermal inversions and the accumulation of pollutants in the mixing layer. Increased levels in summer were owing to higher biogenic emissions and regional recirculation of air masses. The industrial source decreased in August due to decreased emissions during the vacation period. Increases in the traffic + biomass burning source were recorded in January, April and October, which were attributed to the occurrence of the aforementioned pollution episodes and local biomass burning emission sources, which include agriculture and domestic heating systems. Average particle number concentrations (N_{9-825 nm}) from 5/11/2010 to 01/06/2011 and from 15/10/2011 to 18/12/2011 reached 3097 cm⁻³. Five emission sources of particle of sub-micron particles were determined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA); industrial + traffic + biomass burning, new particle formation + growth, secondary sulphate + fuel oil combustion, crustal material and secondary nitrate. The new particle formation + growth source dominated the particle number concentration (56% of total particle number concentration), especially for particles < 100 nm, followed by industrial + traffic + biomass burning (13%). Secondary sulphate + fuel oil combustion (8%), nitrate (9%) and crustal material (2%) were dominant for particles of larger diameter (> 100 nm) and thus did not influence the particle number concentration significantly

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“…In urban cities, organic compounds are the major constituents of dust after sulfate and nitrates. Tarry matter represents the total organic matter in ambient carbonaceous aerosols, while combustible or unburnt hydrocarbons are a measure of non-volatile compounds in the atmospheric aerosols (Lighty et al 2000;Johansson et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and composition of the falling dust in urban environment

Al‐Harbi

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The monthly total amount of dust fall, as well as its chemical and physical characteristics, was systematically investigated in Shuwaikh city, Kuwait. Dust samples were collected on a monthly basis for the entire year of 2009 and analyzed in the laboratory for water-soluble and water-insoluble matter. Water-insoluble matter represented the major portion of the total annual dust. ANOVAs showed significant temporal variation in the concentration of dust fall over the months (p \ 0.05). Higher dust deposits were encountered between June and August and ranged from 76.4 to 97.6 ± 2.5 (SD) ton km -2 month -1 , where dusty winds and low humidity are a common attribute in such arid areas. The main three soluble matter species measured are nitrate, sulfate, and chloride, and sulfate was found to be the most abundant inorganic species, ranging from 0.72 ± 0.13 to 4.1 ± 0.3 ton km -2 -month -1 . Major insoluble matter species measured are ash, silica, combustible, and tarry. Ash, silica, and combustible account for 63, 19, and 17.8 % of total insoluble dust, and 58.4, 17.7, and 16.6 % of total dust, respectively. Particle size distribution was also investigated, and results showed that dust particles[7 lm were the highest concentration of falling dust. Metrological conditions were found to play a vital role in temporal variations in falling dust.

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Combustion Aerosols: Factors Governing Their Size and Composition and Implications to Human Health

Cited by 994 publications

References 303 publications

The Effect of Traction Sanding on Urban Suspended Particles in Finland

The Effect of Traction Sanding on Urban Suspended Particles in Finland

Source apportionment of fine PM and sub-micron particle number concentrations at a regional background site in the western Mediterranean: a 2.5 year study

Characteristics and composition of the falling dust in urban environment

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