Particle size – Dependent on the static and dynamic compression properties of polypropylene/silica composites

Several fungal and bacterial strains are known to be able to degrade polymeric chains of cellulose. In this research, two polymorphic forms of celluloses, Cellulose I (C I) and Cellulose II (C II), were incubated with Ochrobactrum anthropi strain producing the cellulolytic enzymes. In the result, nanocrystalline celluloses with distinctive particle sizes distributions, as well as intact supermolecular and chemical structures were produced. The differences in yield of nanometric particles of each polymorphic form were discussed in accordance to crystallographic form of cellulose. Solvent casting method was applied to produce chitosan films filled with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of nanocrystalline C I and nanocrystalline C II. Mechanical testing proved that the tensile properties of the composites were closely related to the polymorphic variety of nanocrystalline cellulose. On the other hand, SEM microphotographs of the produced composites confirmed that good distribution of nanoparticles in the chitosan matrix was crucial for obtaining materials with enhanced mechanical properties. Filling the chitosan matrix with 1 wt% of nanocrystalline C I was determined to be the most effective. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E448–E456, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…18%). This is in line with literature—it is known that smaller particles enable more effective stress transfer than larger particles .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Chitosan biocomposites with enzymatically produced nanocrystalline cellulose

et al. 2017

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“…They are still in the size of microns, but in contrast to CNC I the overwhelming amount of particles had diameters below 3 lm (only 4.4% of the CNC II sample and 36.8% of CNC I had diameters over 3 lm). Authors of paper on reinforcing properties of silica in polypropylene composites [67] showed that the increase in particle size entail enhanced debonding of the filler from polymer matrix. In that research, filling polypropylene with 1 lm silica gave better results than in case of 3 lm particles, but it has to be mentioned that of course, the best results were obtained for the smallest particles.…”

Section: Mechanical and Morphological Properties Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and mechanical properties of chitosan nanocomposites with cellulose modified in ionic liquids

Grząbka-Zasadzińska

Amietszajew

Borysiak

2017

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In this paper, ionic liquid treatment was applied to produce nanometric cellulose particles of two polymorphic forms. A complex characterization of nanofillers including wide-angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and particle size determination was performed. The evaluated ionic liquid treatment was effective in terms of nanocrystalline cellulose production, leaving chemical and supermolecular structure of the materials intact. However, nanocrystalline cellulose II was found to be more prone to ionic liquid hydrolysis leading to formation larger amount of small particles. Each nanocrystalline cellulose was subsequently mixed with a solution of chitosan, so that composite films containing 1, 3, and 5% mass/mass of nanometric filler were obtained. Reference samples of chitosan and chitosan with micrometric celluloses were also solvent casted. Thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of films were tested and correlated with properties of filler used. The results of both, tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis showed a significant discrepancy between composites filled with nanocrystalline cellulose I and nanocrystalline cellulose II.

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“…Also, the percentage of rate sensitivity reduction between 63 µm and 125 µm was approximately 70% and 10%, under both static and dynamic loadings, respectively. Usually, during the selection of material for extreme applications, the data of strain rate sensitivity would be very useful, where material with less sensitivity properties were required (Omar et al 2013). The strain rate sensitivity is frequently used to describe the variation in flow stress, and it corresponds to increasing strain rate, defined as σ/έ, where σ and έ are the flow stress and strain rate, respectively (Korla and Chokshi 2010).…”

Section: Strain Rate Sensitivity and Thermal Activation Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Particle Size on Mechanical Properties of Sawdust-High Density Polyethylene Composites under Various Strain Rates

Jaya¹,

Omar²,

Akil³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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There is a need to understand the effect of wood particle size, as it affects the characteristics of wood-based composites. This study considers the effect of wood particle size relative to the dynamic behavior of wood composites. The compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) was introduced to execute dynamic compression testing at the strain rate of 650 s , whereas a conventional universal testing machine (UTM) was used to perform static compression testing at the strain rate of 0.1 s , and 0.001 s -1 for four different particle sizes (63 µm, 125 µm, 250 µm, and 500 µm). The results showed that mechanical properties of composites were positively affected by the particle sizes, where the smallest particle size gave the highest values compared to the others. Moreover, the particle size also affected the rate sensitivity and the thermal activation volume of sawdust/HDPE, where smaller particles resulted in lower rate sensitivity. For the post-damage analysis, the applied strain rates influenced deformation behavior differently for all particle sizes of the specimens. In a fractographic analysis under dynamic loading, the composites with large particles experienced severe catastrophic deformation and damages compared to the smaller particles.

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Particle size – Dependent on the static and dynamic compression properties of polypropylene/silica composites

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Chitosan biocomposites with enzymatically produced nanocrystalline cellulose

Chitosan biocomposites with enzymatically produced nanocrystalline cellulose

Thermal and mechanical properties of chitosan nanocomposites with cellulose modified in ionic liquids

Effect of Particle Size on Mechanical Properties of Sawdust-High Density Polyethylene Composites under Various Strain Rates

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