Particle air pollution and gestational diabetes mellitus in Houston, Texas

Exposure to air pollutant mixture and gestational diabetes mellitus in Southern California: Results from electronic health record data of a large pregnancy cohort

“…Recently, a study in Florida ( Zheng et al, 2020 ) found that exposures to PM 2.5 constituents, including sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter and black carbon, during the second trimester are positively associated with GDM. Another study in Texas ( Rammah et al, 2020 ) observed increased odds of GDM for ammonium and sulfate exposure during the first trimester. A study conducted in China ( Yu et al, 2020 ) reported that organic matter, black carbon and nitrate may be the main culprits for the association between PM 2.5 and GDM.…”

“…Moreover, existing studies regarding PM 2.5 constituents assigned exposure to either the mother’s residence at delivery on birth records ( Zheng et al, 2020 ) or to delivery hospital region ( Robledo et al, 2015 ; Yu et al, 2020 ) without considering residential changes during pregnancy, which may induce differential exposure misclassifications. Further, most studies focused on exposure windows by trimester during pregnancy (e.g., the first and/or second trimester); only a few studies have examined effects of preconception exposures ( Jo et al, 2019b ; Rammah et al, 2020 ; Robledo et al, 2015 ; Shen et al, 2017 ). Finally, studies regarding the joint effects of multiple air pollutants are sparse.…”

Environmental health influences in pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

“…In this systematic review, the current evidence assessing environmental risk factors and GDM has been analyzed. Whilst we found clear evidence for an association between GDM and air pollution [29,[96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107], ambient temperature [31,[92][93][94][95], season [32,[85][86][87][88], cadmium [36,[80][81][82], arsenic [37,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77], POPs [55, 57-60, 62-64, 66, 67] and phthalates [45][46][47][48], the findings regarding phenols were rather heterogeneous. The results for adverse glycemic outcomes also showed clear associations regarding air pollution [98-100, 105, 107, 118-121], ambient temperature [92,94], season [32,85,…”

“…In summary, n = 22 of n = 25 studies showed that air pollution (through PM 2.5 [29,[96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107], NO [30,[108][109][110][111][112], NO 2 [30,108,109,[112][113][114], CO [30,113], PM 10 [98,100,104], BC [98], SO 2 [30,100,103,104,115], O 3 [30]) was clearly associated with an increased risk of GDM. Eight studies found a significant association (p < 0.01 [107,109], p < 0.05 [103,110,111,113], (aOR = 1.69 (1.41, 2.03) [108]).…”

How long-term air pollution and its metal constituents affect type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence? Results from Wuhan Chronic Disease Cohort

“…This is one of the few studies exploring the association between metal components in PM 2.5 and the prevalence of T2DM. Human epidemiological researches on the associations are limited, and most of them are confined to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) ( Rammah et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2021 ). Specifically, a retrospective cohort study carried out in China suggested that an IQR increase in nitrate, organic matter, and black carbon was associated with 13%, 14%, and 15% higher risks of GDM ( Yu et al, 2020 ).…”