Participation of Zip3, a ZIP domain-containing protein, in stress response and virulence in Cryptococcus gattii

Garcia, Ane Wichine Acosta; Kinskovski, Uriel Perin; Diehl, Camila; Reuwsaat, Júlia Catarina Vieira; Souza, Heryk Motta de; Pinto, Helber Barboza; Trentin, Danielle da Silva; Oliveira, Haroldo César de; Rodrigues, Márcio L.; Becker, Emilene M.; Kmetzsch, Lívia; Vainstein, Marilene Henning; Staats, Charley Christian

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103438

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It is suggested that the proteins in EVs produced by Cryptococcus gattii have an immunological potential. Not only the Cryptococcus Zip3 gene, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Atx2p, affects the secretion of Cryptococcus EVs and GXM, but also the deletion of Zip3 leads to impaired virulence of Cryptococcus gattii ( Garcia et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Interaction Between Fungal Evs and Host Cells And Their Immu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword

et al. 2023

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Fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms found in nature, which can invade the human body and cause tissue damage, inflammatory reactions, organ dysfunctions, and diseases. These diseases can severely damage the patient’s body systems and functions, leading to a range of clinical symptoms that can be life-threatening. As the incidence of invasive fungal infections has progressively increased in the recent years, a wealth of evidence has confirmed the “double-edged sword” role of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication and pathogen-host interactions. Fungal EVs act as mediators of cellular communication, affecting fungal-host cell interactions, delivering virulence factors, and promoting infection. Fungal EVs can also have an induced protective effect, affecting fungal growth and stimulating adaptive immune responses. By integrating recent studies, we discuss the role of EVs in fungi, providing strong theoretical support for the early prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections. Finally, we highlight the feasibility of using fungal EVs as drug carriers and in vaccine development.

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Section: Interaction Between Fungal Evs and Host Cells And Their Immu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword

et al. 2023

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“…Despite being regulated by zinc levels, ZIP3 gene encodes a protein involved in manganese transport in the Golgi apparatus. Zip3 was shown to play a role in reactive oxygen species sensitivity and other virulence aspects in C. gattii , such as melanin deposition and secretion of glucuronoxylomannan [ 58 ]. Finally, a recent investigation described the Zrc role in zinc detoxification in C. neoformans , just as that performed by S. cerevisiae Zrc1.…”

Section: Zinc-dependent Zinc Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc at the Host–Fungus Interface: How to Uptake the Metal?

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et al. 2020

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Zinc is an essential nutrient for all living organisms. However, firm regulation must be maintained since micronutrients also can be toxic in high concentrations. This notion is reinforced when we look at mechanisms deployed by our immune system, such as the use of chelators or membrane transporters that capture zinc, when threatened with pathogens, like fungi. Pathogenic fungi, on the other hand, also make use of a variety of transporters and specialized zinc captors to survive these changes. In this review, we sought to explain the mechanisms, grounded in experimental analysis and described to date, utilized by pathogenic fungi to maintain optimal zinc levels.

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“…Mutant strains produced EVs with lower concentration of GXM and had smaller capsules in vivo [49,50]. More recently, it has been suggested that ZIP3, a cryptococcal regulator of manganese homeostasis, also participates in EV formation, as concluded from the observation of a higher concentration of GXM in culture supernatants of zip3∆ mutants and a high production of EVs, with an enrichment of an EV population with higher dimensions [67]. Together, these studies suggest the existence of connections between EV production and export of the most important capsule component of Cryptococcus spp.…”

Section: Bioactive Components Of Cryptococcal Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Delivery: The Biological Roles of Cryptococcal Extracellular Vesicles

et al. 2020

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by all domains of life. In fungi, these structures were first described in Cryptococcus neoformans and, since then, they were characterized in several pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungal species. Cryptococcal EVs participate in the export of virulence factors that directly impact the Cryptococcus–host interaction. Our knowledge of the biogenesis and pathogenic roles of Cryptococcus EVs is still limited, but recent methodological and scientific advances have improved our understanding of how cryptococcal EVs participate in both physiological and pathogenic events. In this review, we will discuss the importance of cryptococcal EVs, including early historical studies suggesting their existence in Cryptococcus, their putative mechanisms of biogenesis, methods of isolation, and possible roles in the interaction with host cells.

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Participation of Zip3, a ZIP domain-containing protein, in stress response and virulence in Cryptococcus gattii

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword

The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in fungi: a double-edged sword

Zinc at the Host–Fungus Interface: How to Uptake the Metal?

Pathogenic Delivery: The Biological Roles of Cryptococcal Extracellular Vesicles

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