“…Voluntary training systems allow for employees to decide when, where, and how they would like to participate in training activities (Stewart & Winter, 1992). While this freedom of choice has been demonstrated to positively affect trainees' motivation to learn (Baldwin et al, 1991), there are still many other factors surrounding whether or not employees participate in voluntary training and development activities (Wang & Wang, 2006). Further, while conscientiousness has been documented to be highly relevant to a variety of job-related behaviors, evidence of the relationship between conscientiousness, motivation to learn, and training participation has been mixed (Colquitt et al, 2000;Major et al, 2006).…”